Optimization of CNC turning parameters with different turning tool radii for sphere surface profiles of SUS 304 material based on PVD coating technology applied for industrial arts

Abstract

In this research, an effective multiobjective optimal method is proposed for investigating to find suitable fabricating factors of CNC turning process for sphere surfaces of 304 stainless steel material applied for industrial arts based on physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating technology in the mechanical engineering field. A combination of Taguchi method (TM), response surface method (RSM) and teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) was suggested for optimizing fabricating factors to advance the superiority features. In the first stage, a number of initial experiments of the fabricating parameters were generated by the TM. Secondly, mathematical equations of the main fabricating parameters and surface roughness, turning time and dimension error were then established by employing the RSM. Furthermore, analysis of variance as well as sensitivity analysis were carried out for evaluating significant effects of fabricating factors on the surface roughness, turning time and fabricating dimension error. According to the analysis of variance consequences, feed rate (41.58%) and nose radius (16.48%) are the two elements that most significantly affect surface roughness. However, the proportions of the feed rate and cutting velocity to turning time were 82.92% and 8.27%, respectively and the feed rate was the most influential effect parameter on the CNC turning time. Especially, the fabricating depth and cutting velocity were the two main factors influencing on dimension error with relatively small 10.46% and 8.81%, respectively. In the end, the TLBO was carried out based on mathematical models to define the ideal factors. The optimized findings showed a dimension inaccuracy of 0.015 mm and an optimized surface roughness of roughly 0.986 µm. Additionally, the errors in dimension inaccuracy, CNC turning time, and surface roughness between experimental verifications and anticipated outcomes were around 2.83%, 16.19%, and 5.67%, respectively. As a result, the experimental verification results aligned with the predictions made by the suggested optimization technique. These findings showed that the suggested integration approach may effectively define the ideal fabrication factors for CNC turning processes using stainless steel 304 based on PVD coating technology for industrial arts. It can also be expanded to apply to complex multiobjective optimization issues.

Keywords

Stainless steel Taguchi method CNC turning sphere surface response surface method teaching learning-based optimization algorithm

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