Wheel profile optimization for intercity EMUs based on the Gaussian function correction method

Intercity EMUs are prone to wheel flange wear and tread wear due to the high operating speed and many small radius curved tracks. The problems caused by wheel wear have seriously affected the safety of high-speed railway operations in China. In this paper, based on the original LMA wheel profile, the Gaussian function correction (GFC) method is proposed to design the wheel profile. The GFC method mainly changes the root region of the wheel flange, to enhance the curve passing performance and reduce wheel wear of the vehicle. The optimal profile is optimized by the Kriging surrogate model (KSM) and the whale optimization algorithm (WOA). The wheel-rail contact characteristics, dynamic characteristics and the wheel wear of the wheel profiles before and after optimization are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the equivalent conicity of the optimized profile is reduced; the critical speed is increased by 9.3 km/h, the lateral ride index and comfort index of the vehicle are further reduced. The curve passing performance is also improved, the wheel-rail wear of the optimized profile is further reduced and the maximum wear depth of the wheels before and after optimization is 43.4e-9m and 34.1e-9m on the curved track with a radius of 500m, which is reduced by 21.43%. This method provides a reference and basis for wheel profile design and profile re-profiling of intercity EMUs.