A trajectory planning model of tiltrotor considering multi-phase and multi-mode flight

A trajectory planning model of tiltrotor with multi-phase and multi-mode flight is proposed in this paper. The model is developed to obtain the trajectory of tiltrotor with consideration of flight mission and environment. In the established model, the flight mission from take-off to landing is composed of several phases which are related to the flight modes. On the basis of the flight phases and the flight modes, the trajectory planning model of tiltrotor is described from three aspects: i.e. tiltrotor dynamics including motion equations and maneuverability, flight mission requirements, and flight environment including different no-fly zones. Then, particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to generate the trajectory of tiltrotor online. The strategy of receding horizon optimization is adopted, and the control inputs in the next few seconds are optimized by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Flight mission simulations with different situations are carried out to verify the rationality and validity of the proposed trajectory planning model. Simulation results demonstrate that the tiltrotor flying with multi-mode can reach the target in three cases and can avoid both static and dynamic obstacles.