Objective assessment of pilot aptitude using flight simulator performance metrics in aviation training

This study examines whether objective performance metrics derived from flight simulator data can be used to support the assessment of pilot aptitude during the early stages of flight training. Performance data were collected from three consecutive cohorts of ab initio pilot trainees using a standardized simulator-based task designed to capture basic aspects of manual flight control. Objective flight parameters, including altitude deviation, heading deviation, and bank angle stability, were extracted and analysed to characterise piloting accuracy and flight stability. Composite performance indicators were explored using correlation analysis, regression modelling and unsupervised.

k-means clustering in order to identify patterns of manual flying proficiency. The results indicate an association between simulator-based performance and subsequent early practical flight training outcomes, with composite T-SIM scores showing a moderate to high correlation with Flight Training Evaluation results (r ≈ 0.70). Cluster analysis further identified separable performance profiles corresponding to different levels of flight control stability. Overall, the findings suggest that objective simulator-derived metrics may offer a useful, repeatable, and transparent complement to instructor-based evaluation for the assessment of psychomotor aspects of early-stage flight-control performance in early training contexts.

Plain Language Summary

Learning to fly an aircraft is a demanding process that requires good coordination, attention, and the ability to control the aircraft accurately. Selecting candidates who are well suited for flight training is therefore important for both safety and training efficiency. Traditionally, pilot selection relies heavily on cognitive tests, physical fitness assessments, and instructor judgement. However, these methods do not always provide objective information about basic manual flying skills at the very beginning of training.

This study explores whether a short flight simulator task can be used to objectively assess early pilot aptitude. A specially designed simulator scenario was developed for candidates with little or no flying experience. During the task, participants were asked to fly a simple sequence of manoeuvres while maintaining altitude, heading, and bank angle within defined limits. The simulator automatically recorded flight data, allowing performance to be evaluated using numerical methods rather than subjective judgement.

The study analysed results from several consecutive groups of military pilot trainees. The findings showed that the simulator-based performance measures were stable over time and were able to distinguish between different levels of manual flying ability. Importantly, candidates who performed better in the simulator task also tended to achieve better results later during their initial real-flight training.

The results suggest that flight simulators can provide useful and objective information about early flying skills that are not captured by traditional selection methods alone. The proposed approach is not intended to replace instructors or existing assessments, but to complement them by adding an additional, transparent source of information. This may help training organisations make more informed decisions, better tailor training to individual needs, and improve the overall efficiency of pilot training programmes.