Inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a significant enzyme in the purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway. IMPDH is viewed as an important biological target in the quest for drugs in the antiviral therapeutic area. This review article is focused on the chemistry and biology of IMPDH inhibitors and the use of IMPDH inhibition data as a probe in antiviral drug discovery. Examples of both inosine 5′ monophosphate and NAD+site-directed inhibitors are presented. Correlation of antiviral activities with IMPDH inhibition is discussed.
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