Abstract
The following article has been retracted at the request of the first two authors (Meng Li and Yan Sun):
Li, M., Sun, Y., & Chen, H. (2019). The decoy effect as a nudge: Boosting hand hygiene with a worse option. Psychological Science, 30, 139–149. doi:10.1177/0956797618761374
Li and Sun notified the Editor as follows:
In December 2018, we requested that an Expression of Concern be issued for our article because of anomalies in the data (brought to our attention by Leif Nelson, Frank Yu, Uri Simonson, and two anonymous researchers) and because we were not able to recover records of the messages containing the original data files that the factories sent to the third author (Chen), who was the sole point of contact with the factories where the data were collected. Since then, we have made many attempts to obtain more information about the data collection process. Unfortunately, Chen has not provided additional information, and we have not found a convincing alternative explanation for the data anomalies. While there is no direct proof that the data were tampered with, our faith in the data is substantially reduced, and we judge that it is necessary to retract the article.