This article is about Kazakhstan’s path toward achieving high levels of human development and an institutional environment favorable to both productivity growth and protection for the most vulnerable. The growth of human capital is closely linked with economic growth. Human capital facilitates the transmission of knowledge and will accelerate the rate at which Kazakhstan can take advantage of technology transfers through foreign direct investment. It will also facilitate research and innovation, providing Kazakhstan the flexibility to adapt as its economy grows. The article comprises four sections that in turn deal with education, labor market, health, and social protection. Each section starts by examining recent trends and the conditions that Kazakhstan faces today, the vision for 2050, and a possible program of action for the next four decades that could make Vision 2050 reality. The concluding section presents crosscutting recommendations and identifies overarching challenges.
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