This study aimed to assess public knowledge, attitudes, and awareness concerning cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) among the general population of North India, seeking to identify existing knowledge gaps, misconceptions, and readiness for awareness initiatives.
Design
A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey.
Setting
Dental outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary healthcare institute in North India.
Patients, Participants
A total of 648 participants (357 males, 291 females; aged 18-75 years), recruited via convenience sampling from the dental OPD visitors between May 2025 and August 2025. Participants were 18 years or above and could read English/Hindi.
Interventions
None.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
Public knowledge of CL/P etiology, risk factors, treatment options, support systems, perceived social impact, and attitudes toward CL/P and public education, measured via a 14-item closed-ended questionnaire.
Results
A majority of respondents (78.86%) reported general awareness of CL/P, but detailed knowledge about etiology (eg, maternal age, smoking, alcohol as risk factors), comprehensive multidisciplinary management (recognized by only 2.16%), and available support systems such as governmental or non-governmental organizations, were significantly limited. Misconceptions about CL/P being acquired or contagious persisted. Positive attitudes included belief in productive lives for affected individuals and willingness to support CL/P initiatives. Knowledge status was significantly associated with gender and education level.
Conclusions
Despite general familiarity, significant knowledge gaps exist regarding CL/P in North India. Targeted public health strategies are urgently needed to correct misconceptions, promote multidisciplinary care awareness, and improve knowledge of available support organizations to enhance access to care and social inclusion.
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