A cultural synopsis is given of the Upper Mentaya River area of Central
Kalimantan, with emphasis on the multilinguality and cultural diversity of
the area. The diversity and flexibility of the kinship and religious systems
are related to migration downstream to Bandjarese trading centers, estab
lishment of face-to-face relations with Malays, and acceptance of Islam.
The paper concludes with an examination of theories of secondary burial
rites and offers an alternative view to that proposed by Hertz in 1907. [Accepted for publication: June 1970.]
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