Current decoupling control of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on improved nonlinear extended state observer

Precise current decoupling is required to achieve good control performance in the vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), but traditional decoupling methods are unable to solve the problem of poor current decoupling effectiveness when the system inductance parameters are mismatched. Therefore, a decoupling control method of PMSM based on improved nonlinear extended state observer (INESO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a smooth, differentiable nonlinear function is used to replace the traditional fal function, which overcomes the problem of discontinuous gain changes. Secondly, a time-varying gain is designed to address the problem of reduced observer performance due to differential peak values in traditional NESO. Finally, the stability of INESO and the current loop closed-loop system is proven, followed by simulation and experimental verification. The simulation and experimental results show the proposed method effectively observes and compensates for system uncertainties, including parameter perturbations, external disturbances, and unmodeled dynamics. This method achieves complete decoupling of d and q-axes currents, while suppressing interference and enhancing the control performance of PMSM. The proposed INESO decoupling method reduces the d-axis current fluctuation about 96% and 90% when the load changes abruptly under motor inductance parameter mismatch, and can reduce q-axis current fluctuation about 88% and 78% when the d-axis current steps, respectively, compared with the conventional Current Feedback Decoupling Control (CFDC) and CDDC decoupling methods.