Suicides in a State Correctional System,1992-2002: A Review

The authors reviewed all 37 inmate suicides in a statewide correctional system between 1992 and 2002. The system’s average suicide rate during the study period was higher than that of the general population but lower than correctional suicide rates reported in the literature. Inmates who committed suicide were more likely to be young, single, white males with mental health and substance abuse problems. First-time inmates and those incarcerated for a short period presented higher risk than did long-term prisoners. Transferring an inmate between facilities also was signaled as a risk factor. This article highlights the importance of (a) systematic screening and evaluation of suicide risk, (b) obtaining mental health data from community sources and jails, (c) recognizing administrative segregation and interfacility transfer as risk factors, (d) clinical monitoring, and (e) tracking communication of intent to commit suicide. The authors discuss certain critical steps as part of a comprehensive suicide prevention program in state prisons.