Methylphenidate is a first-line psychostimulant widely prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although its therapeutic efficacy is well established, concerns remain regarding its potential effects on cardiovascular regulation, particularly on autonomic nervous system balance.
Aims:
To evaluate the effect of methylphenidate on heart rate variability (HRV) in ADHD children and adolescents.
Methods:
Our review included children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD, studies wherein the intervention group should receive short- or long-term methylphenidate treatment, studies that evaluated participants under conventional treatment except methylphenidate, single or double-blind, non-blind randomized or non-randomized control studies.
Results:
No significant changes were observed in time- and frequency-domain HRV indices, with all outcomes presenting very low certainty of evidence.
Conclusions:
Our results indicate that methylphenidate does not significantly affect resting heart rate HRV in ADHD children and adolescents. The very low certainty of this review’s evidence level and high risk of bias warrant further studies to provide stronger scientific and statistical evidence.
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