Antimicrobial management in patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Survey

There is little evidence of antimicrobial elimination via therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and no guidelines for antimicrobial optimal dosing in patients undergoing TPE. We aimed to assess current practices and knowledge regarding antimicrobial management during TPE. A structured online survey was conducted from May to November 2023, and physicians were invited to participate through national scientific platforms and professional societies. One hundred five participants completed the survey, of whom 61% were infectious disease physicians, with 68.6% having more than 10 years of experience. That the TPE procedure could significantly affect plasma concentrations of antimicrobial agents was reported by 74.3% of the respondents. Among the physicians, 42.9% suggest antimicrobial dose adjustment, and 38.1% recommend temporarily discontinuing antimicrobial drug administration during TPE. Therapeutic drug monitoring was recommended by 33.3% of the respondents for certain antimicrobials, mainly glycopeptides and aminoglycosides, in patients undergoing concurrent TPE. Furthermore, 59.3% of physicians sometimes consult with another healthcare professional for treatment management, most commonly a pharmacist or a clinical pharmacist and an infectious diseases specialist. The core questions regarding potential drug-, procedure-, and patient-related antimicrobial elimination factors via TPE were responded to accurately by less than half of the physicians. It was clear that they had a lack of clinical practices and knowledge regarding antimicrobial management during TPE. To ensure the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobials and avoid treatment failure, physicians should improve their practice strategies and consider antimicrobial elimination factors with TPE in this data-poor setting.