Six commonalities in the work of Ernst Boesch and Henry Murray are outlined: a holistic approach to the study of personality; a systematic elaboration of the person-situation interaction; an incorporation of psychoanalytic elements into their theoretical thinking; an emphasis on the cultural foundations of personality; and an intense affinity with novelistic literature. The main part of this article is devoted to the sixth commonality: Boesch's and Murray's ideas on the multiplicity and multivoicedness of the self.
American Psychiatric Association
(1987). Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd rev. ed.) Washington, DC.
2.
Bakhtin, M.
(1973). Problems of Dostoevsky's poetics (2nd ed.; R.W. Rotsel, Trans.) Ann Arbor, MI: Ardis. (Original work published 1929.)
3.
Boesch, E.E. (1982). Von der Handlungstheorie zur Kulturpsychologie [From action theory to cultural psychology]. Saarbrucken: Universitat des Saarlandes.
4.
Boesch, E.E. (1983). Das Magische und das Schdne: Zur Symboliek von Objekte und Handlungen [Magic and the beautiful: Toward a symbolism of objects and actions]. Stuttgart: Frommann-Holzboog.
5.
Boesch, E.E.
(1991). Symbolic action theory and cultural psychology. Berlin: Springer.
6.
Buber, M.
(1970). I and Thou; A new translation with a prologue 'I and You' and notes by Walter Kaufmann. Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark.
7.
Carson, R.C.
, Butcher, J.N., & Mineka, S. (1996). Abnormal psychology and modern life. (10th ed.). New York: HarperCollins.
8.
Hall, C.S.
, & Lindzey, G. (1970). Theories of personality. New York: Wiley.
9.
Harre, R.
, & Van Langenhove, L. (1991). Varieties of positioning. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 21, 393-407.
10.
Hermans, H.J.M.
(1993). Moving opposites in the self: A Heraclitean approach. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 38, 437-462.
11.
Hermans, H.J.M.
(1996). Voicing the self: From information processing to dialogical interchange. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 31-50.
12.
Hermans, H.J.M.
, & Kempen, H.J.G. (1993). The dialogical self: Meaning as movement. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
13.
Hermans, H.J.M.
, Kempen, H.J.G., & Van Loon, R.J.P. (1992). The dialogical self: Beyond individualism and rationalism. American Psychologist, 47, 23-33.
14.
James, W.
(1890). The principles of psychology. (Vol. 1). London: Macmillan.
15.
McAdams, D.P.
(1994). The person: An introduction to personality psychology (2nd ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace & Company.
16.
Murray, H.A.
(1938). Explorations in personality.New York: Oxford University Press.
17.
Murray, H.A.
(1940). What should psychologists do about psychoanalysis?Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 35, 150-175.
18.
Murray, H.A.
(1951a). Some basic psychological assumptions and conceptions. Dialectica, 5, 266-292.
19.
Murray, H.A.
(1951b). In nomine Diaboli. Princeton University Library Chronicle, 13, 47-62.
20.
Murray, H.A.
, & Kluckhohn, C. (1953). Outline of a conception of personality. In C. Kluckhohn, H.A. Murray, & D.M. Schneider (Eds.), Personality in nature, society, and culture (pp. 3-52). New York: Knopf.
21.
Overton, W.F.
(1997). Beyond dichotomy: An embodied active agent for cultural psychology. Culture & Psychology, 3(3), 315-334.
22.
Voloshinov, V.N.
(1986). Marxism and the philosophy of language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Original work published 1929)
23.
Watkins, M.
(1986). Invisible guests: The developnient of imaginal dialogues.Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.