Contemporary cognitive neuroscience underscores the importance of a non-reductionist analysis of the interactions of person and environment. Recent advances hold the prospect of integrating analyses of social, psychological, and neural determinants of mental disorders in one coherent scientific framework based on an action-and agent-centered view of mind, brain, and behavior. This review describes the conceptual basis of research in cognitive neuroscience paying special attention to the value of different levels of explanation. It then discusses consequences for methods and frameworks of scientific explanation in cultural psychiatry and psychological medicine.
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