The Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis Method of Measuring the Magnitude of Psychological Dimensions: Its Application in Transcultural Research

Abstract

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Arnold, K.E.O. 1971. Language in schizophrenics and their twins. Dissertation, University of Minnesota .

Aronsohn, S. , Lolas, F. , Manns, A. and Mirralles, R. 1986. Affective Content of Speech and Treatment of Outcome in Bruxism. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas , L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 149-156.

Bennett, M.D.J. 1972. The emotional response of husbands to suicide attempts by their wives. Doctoral thesis, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Boomer, D.C. and Goodrich, D.W. 1961. Speech disturbances and judge anxiety. Journal of Consulting Psychology 25:160.

Bruhn, M. , Stemmler, G. , and Koch, U. 1986. Abhangigkeit von Angst, Aggressivitat und Hoffnungswerten von experimentell manipulierter Befindlichkeit und variierten Instruktionstypen . In: U. Koch and G. Schofer (eds). op. cit.

Cohn, J.B. and Gottschalk, L.A. 1980. Double-blind comparison of ketazolam and placebo using once-a-day dosing. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 20:676-680.

Camposano, S. , Duarte, D. and Lolas, F. 1984. El constructo esperanza: Objectacion mediante indicadores verbales. Revista Chilena de Neuropsiquiatria 22:265-269.

Deabreu, P.B. 1986. Aggressiveness in Psychotherapy and its Relationship with the Patient's Change: An Adaptation of the Gottschalk-Gleser Hostility Scales to the Portuguese Language. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas , and L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 231-248.

Elliott, H.W. , Gottschalk, L.A. and Uliana, R.L. 1974. Relationships of plasma meperidine levels to changes in anxiety and hostility. Comparative Psychiatry 15:249-254.

10.

Endicott, J. , Spitzer, R. , Fleiss, J. and Cohen, J. 1976. The Global Assessment Scale . Archives of General Psychiatry 33:766.

11.

Engel, K. and Von Rad, M. 1986. Zwei Verfahren zur Messung von Angst und Aggressivitat. Ein empirischer Vergleich des Gottschalk-Gleser-Verfahrens und der Holtzman-Inkblot-Technik . In: U. Koch and G. Scholfer (eds.) op. cit.

12.

Erikson, E.H. 1959. Growth and crises of the healthy personality. Psychological Issues 1:50-100.

13.

Gift, T.E. , Cole, R.E. and Wynne, L.C. 1985. A hostility measure for use in family contexts. Psychiatry Research 15:205-210.

14.

Gleser, G.C. , Gottschalk, L.A. and Springer, K.J. 1961. An anxiety scale applicable to verbal samples. Archives of General Psychiatry 5:593-605.

15.

Gleser, G.C. , Gottschalk, L.A. , Fox, R. and Lippert, W. 1965. Immediate change in affect with chlordiazepoxide in juvenile delinquent boys. AMA Archives of General Psychiatry 13:291-295.

16.

Gottesman, I. and Shields, J. 1972. Schizophrenia and Genetics: A Twin Study Vantage Point. New York: Academic Press.

17.

Gottschalk, L.A. 1972. An objective method of measuring psychological states associated with changes in neural function. Journal of Biological Psychiatry 4:33-49.

18.

________1976. Children's speech as a source of data toward the measurement of psychological states. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 5:11-36.

19.

__________1977. Effects of certain benzodiazepine derivatives on disorganization of thought as manifested in speech. Current Therapeutic Research 21:192-206.

20.

________(ed.) 1979. The Content Analysis of Verbal Behavior: Further Studies. New York: Spectrum Publications, Inc.

21.

________1982. Manual of uses and applications of the Gottschalk-Gleser verbal behavior scales. Research Communication in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior 7:273-327.

22.

________1986. The Pharmacokinetics of some Psychoactive Drugs and Relationships to Clinical Response. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas and L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 257-267.

23.

__________1986. Research Using the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis Scales in English since 1969. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas , L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 29-46.

24.

_________1987. Content Category Analysis — The Measurement of the Magnitude of Psychological Dimensions in Psychotherapy . In: Robert L. Russell (ed.) Language in Psychotherapy: Strategies of Discovery. New York: Irvington Publishers, Inc.

25.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Aronow, W.S. and Prakash, R. 1977. Effect of marihuana and placebo-marihuana smoking on psychological state and on psychophysiological cardiovascular functioning in anginal patients. Biological Psychiatry 12:255-266.

26.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Biener, R. , Noble, E.P. , Birch, H. , Wilbert, D.E. , and Heiser, J.F. 1975. Thioridazine plasma levels and clinical response. Comparative Psychiatry 16:323-337.

27.

Gottschalk, L.A. , ECKARDT, M.J. Pautler , C. P., Wolf, R.J. and Terman, S.A. 1983. Cognitive impairment scales derived from verbal samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry 24:6-19.

28.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Eckardt, M.J. , Hoigaard-Martin , J.C. , Gilbert, R. Wolf, R.J. and Johnson, W. 1983. Neuropsychological deficit in chronic alcoholism: Early detection and prediction by analysis of verbal samples. Substance and Alcohol Actions/Misuse 4:45-58.

29.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Eckardt, M.J. , and Feldman, D.J. 1979. Further Validation Studies of a Cognitive-Intellectual Scale Applicable to Verbal Samples. In: L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit. pp. 9-40.

30.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Elliott, H.W. 1976. Effects of triazolam and flurazepam on emotions and intellectual function. Research Communication in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior 1:575-595.

31.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Falloon, I.R.H. , Marder, S.R. , Lebell, M.B. , Gift, T.E. , Wynne, L.C. 1988. The prediction of relapse of schizophrenic patients using emotional data obtained from their relative . Psychiatry Research 25:261-276.

32.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Gleser, G.C. 1964. Distinguishing Characteristics of the Verbal Communications of Schizophrenic Patients. In: Disorders of Communication A.R.N.M.D. (Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Diseases) 42:400-413. Baltimore : Williams and Wilkins.

33.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Gleser, G.C. 1969. The Measurement of Psychological States Through the Content Analysis of Verbal Behavior. Berkeley: University of California Press.

34.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Gleser, G.C. , Cleghorn, J.M. , Stone, W.N. and Winget, C.N. 1970. Prediction of changes in severity of the schizophrenic syndrome with discontinuation and administration of phenothiazines in chronic schizophrenic patients: Language as a predictor and measure of change in schizophrenia. Comparative Psychiatry 11:123-140.

35.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Gleser, G.C. and Springer, K.J. 1963. Three hostility scales applicable to verbal samples. Archives of General Psychiatry 9:254-279.

36.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Hambidge, G., Jr. 1956. Effect of interviewer on anxiety and hostility of interviewee. Unpublished study. (Summarized in L. A. Gottschalk and G. C. Gleser, 1969. op. cit. pp. 260-261.)

37.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Hoigaard-Martin , J. 1986. The emotional impact of mastectomy. Psychiatry Research 17:153-167.

38.

________1986. A depression scale applicable to verbal samples. Psychiatry Research 17:213-227.

39.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Hoigaard, J.C. , Eckardt, M.J. , Gilbert, R.L. and Wolf, R.J. 1983. Cognitive impairment and other psychological scores, derived from the content analysis of speech, in detoxified male chronic alcoholics. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 9:447-460.

40.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Lolas, F. 1987. Estudios Sobre Conducta Verbal. Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria.

41.

Gottschalk, L. A. , Lolas, F. , and Viney, L. L. (eds.) 1986. The Content Analysis of Verbal Behavior: Significance in Clinical Medicine and Psychiatry. Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag.

42.

__________1986. Content analysis: Overview of a measurement method. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas and L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 307.

43.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Springer, K.J. and Gleser, G.C. 1961. Experiments with a Method of Assessing the Variations in Intensity of Certain Psychological States Occurring During Two Psychotherapeutic Interviews. In: L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) Comparative Psycholinguistic Analysis of Two Psychotherapeutic Interviews. New York: International Universities Press.

44.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Stone, W.N. and Gleser, G.C. 1974. Peripheral versus central mechanisms accounting for anti-anxiety effect of propranolol. Psychosomatic Medicine 36:47-56.

45.

Gottschalk, L.A. and Uliana, R.L. 1976. Further Studies of the Relationships of Non-verbal to Verbal Behavior: Effect of Lip Caressing on Shame, Hostility, and Other Variables as Expressed in the Content of Speech . In: N. Freedman and S. Grand (eds.) Communicative Structures and Psychic Structures. New York: Plenum Press.

46.

_________1979. Profiles of children's psychological states derived from the Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis of speech. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 8:269-282.

47.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Uliana, R. , Gilbert, R. 1988. Presidential candidates and cognitive impairment measured from behavior in campaign debates. Public Administration Review 48:613-619.

48.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Winget, C.N. and Gleser, G.C. 1969. Manual of Instructions for Using the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis Scales: Anxiety, Hostility, and Social Alienation-Personal Disorganization. Berkeley : University of California Press.

49.

Gottschalk, L.A. , Winget, C.N. , Gleser, G.C. and Lolas, F. 1984. Analisis de la Conducta Verbal. Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria.

50.

Harper, R.G. , Wiens, A.N. , Matarazzo, J.D. , 1978. Nonverbal Communication. The State of the Art. New York: Wiley.

51.

Hecheltjen, G. and Mertesdorf, F. 1973. Entwicklung eines mehrdimensionalen Stimmungsfragebogens (MSF). Gruppendynamik 2:110.

52.

Heerlein, A. , DE LA Parra, G. , Aronsohn, S. , Lolas, F. 1984. Affective expression in organic and functional gastrointestinal disease. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (Basel) 42:152-155.

53.

Heerlein, A. and Lolas, F. 1984. Trastorno funcional y enfermedad psicosomatica: Differeniacion psicometrica. Revista Chilena de Neuropsiquiatria. 22:87-93.

54.

Hollingshead, A. and Redlich, F.C. 1958. Social Class and Mental Illness. New York: Wiley.

55.

Huneeus, F. , Camposano, S. , Lolas, F. 1985. El rol del analisis del contenido verbal en 1 evaluacion del proceso psicoterapeutico. Revista Chilena de Neuropsiquiatria 23:R-19.

56.

Kety, S.S. , Rosenthal, D. , Wender, P.H. , and Schulsinger, F. 1968. The Types and Prevalence of Mental Illness in the Biological and Adoptive Families of Adopted Schizophrenics. In: D. Rosenthal (ed.) The Transmission of Schizophrenia Oxford: Pergamon.

57.

Kety, S.S. , Rosenthal, D. , Wender, P.H. , Schulsinger, F. , and Jacobsen, B. 1975. Mental Illness in the Biological and Adoptive Families of Adopted Individuals Who Have Become Schizophrenic: A preliminary report based on psychiatric interviews. In: R. R. Fieve (ed.) Genetic Research in Psychiatry Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

58.

Kety, S.S. , Rosenthal, D. and Wender, P.H. 1978. The Biological and Adoptive Families of Adopted Individuals Who Became Schizophrenic: Prevalence of mental illness and other characteristics. In: L. Wynne (ed.) The Nature of Schizophrenia New York : Wiley.

59.

Kinney, D.K. , Jacobsen, B. , Bechgaard, B. , Jansson, L. , Faber, B. , Kasell, E. and Uliana, R.L. 1986. Content Analysis of Speech of Schizophrenic and Control Adoptees and Their Relatives: Preliminary Results. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas & L. L. Viney , op. cit. pp. 197-205.

60.

Koch, H.L. 1966. Twins and Twin Relations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

61.

Koch, U. 1974. Der standardisierte Aggressionsfragebogen SAF. In: U. Koch and G. Schofer (eds.) Arbeitsbericht, Sonderforschungsbereich 115, Projekt C1, p. 11.

62.

Koch, U. and Schofer, G. 1978. Relationships of anxious and angry affects to clinical conditions. An example of married couples with the Gottschalk-Gleser method . Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie 7:110-125.

63.

__________(eds.) 1986. Sprachinhaltsanalyse in der psychosomatischen und psychiatrischen Forschung: Grundlagen und Anwendungsstudien mit den Affektskalen von Gottschalk und Gleser. Weinheim, Germany: Beltz.

64.

Kordy, H. , Lolas, F. and Wagner, G. 1986. Zur Stabilitat der inhaltsanalytischen Erfassung von Affekten nach Gottschalk und Gleser. In: U. Koch and S. Schofer (eds.) op. cit.

65.

Lebovits, A.H. and Holland, J.C. 1983. Use of the Gottschalk-Gleser verbal content analysis scales with medically ill patients. Psychosomatic Medicine 45:305-320.

66.

Lolas, F. 1985. Emotional expression and psychosomatic disease. Psychosomatic Medicine 48:374-375.

67.

___________1986. El estudio de la conducta verbal en clinica. Revista Medica de Chile 114:247-251.

68.

___________1987. La medicion de la agresividad en la conducta verbal. Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de América Latina (in press).

69.

Lolas, F. and Ferner, H. 1978. Zum Begriff des impliziten Verhaltens. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie 26:223-233.

70.

Lolas, F. and Gottschalk, L.A. 1978. El metodo de analisis de contenido de Gottschalk y Gleser en la investigacion psiquiatrica. Acta Psiquiatrica Psicologia de América Latina 24:247-256.

71.

Lolas, F. and Heerleen, A. 1986. Verbal measures of anxiety and hostility under monological and dialogical conditions. Psychopathology ( Basel) 19:93-100.

72.

_________1986. Content category analysis of affective expression in irritable bowel, duodenal ulcer and anxiety disorder patients . Psychopathology 19:309-316.

73.

Lolas, F. and Von Rad, M. 1977. The Gottschalk-Gleser affective profile. Research Communication in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behaviour 2:231-234.

74.

________1982. Psychosomatic disease and neurosis: A study of dyadic verbal behavior. Comprehensive Psychiatry 23:19-24.

75.

________1982. Communication of Emotional Meaning: A Biopsychosocial Dimension in Psychosomatics. In: S. B. Day (ed.) Life Stress. New York: Von Nostrand Reinhold Publishing Co. pp. 138-144.

76.

Miller, C.K. 1965. Psychological correlates of coronary disease. Psychosomatic Medicine 27:257-265.

77.

Muthuny, F.A. 1986. Gottschalk-Gleser Auswertung von ProbandenauBerungen im Rahmen psychophysiologischer Aktivierungsforschung . In: U. Koch and G. Schofer (eds.) op. cit.

78.

Pilowsky, I. and Gottschalk, L.A. 1978. Relationships between Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis scores and pain in patients with chronic pain syndrome. (Unpublished study).

79.

Rickels, K. and Howard, K. 1970. The Physician Questionnaire: A useful tool in psychiatric research. Psychopharmacologia 7:338-344.

80.

Ruggieri, V. , Sabatini, N. and Muglia, G. 1987. Styles of oroalimentary behavior: Relationships with modulation of emotional behavior and myographic tension of the oral region. Perceptual and Motor Skills 64:1115-1123.

81.

Schofer, G. 1977. Das Gottschalk-Gleser verfahren: Eine sprachinhaltsanalyse zur erfassung und quantifizierung von aggressiven und angstlichen affekten. Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychoanalyse. 23:1-12.

82.

_________1977. Gottschalk-Gleser method: Verbal content analysis to measure aggressive and anxious effects. Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychoanalyse 23:86-102.

83.

_________1979. Test Criteria of the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis of Speech: Objectivity, Reliability, Validity in German Studies . In: L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit.

84.

_________1980. Sprachinhaltsanalyse Theorie und Technik. Studien zur Messung Anglitcher und Aggressiver Affekte. Weinheim, Germany: Beltz.

85.

Schofer, G. , Koch, U. and Balck, F. 1979. The Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis of Speech: A Normative Study. (The relationship of hostile and anxious affects to sex, sex of the interviewer, socioeconomic class and age). In: L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit. pp. 95-118.

86.

_________1979. Test criteria of the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis of Speech: Objectivity, Reliability, Validity in German Studies . In L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit p. 119.

87.

Schofer, G. , Muller, L. and Von Kerekjarto , M. 1979. Die differenzierung psychosomatischer Krankheitsgruppen mit der Gottschalk-Gleser-Sprachinhaltsanalyse. Medizinische Psychologie 5:24.

88.

Sciolla, C. , Cumsille, F. and Lolas, F. 1986. Analisis de contenido verbal. Una comparacion entre dos metodos. Revista Chilena de Neuropsiquiatria (Santiago) 24:20-30.

89.

Spitzer, R.I. , Endicott, J. and Robins, F. 1978. Research diagnostic criteria: Rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry 35:773.

90.

Uliana, R. 1976. Measurement of black children's affective states and the effect of interviewer's race on affective states as manifested through language behavior. Dissertation for Doctorate in Psychology from the University of California, Irvine.

91.

__________1979. Measurement of black children's affective states and the effect of interviewer's race on affective states as manifested through language behavior. In L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit. pp. 173-210.

92.

Viney, L.L. 1983. Assessment of psychological states through content analysis of verbal communications. Psychological Bulletin 94:542-563.

93.

________1987. A sociophenomenological approach to lifespan development complementing Erikson's sociodynamic approach. Human Development 30:125-136.

94.

Viney, L.L. and Manton, M. 1973. Sampling verbal behavior in Australia: The Gottschalk-Gleser content analysis scales. Australian Journal of Psychology 25:45-55.

95.

Viney, L.L. and Tych, A.M. 1985. Content analysis scales to measure psychosocial maturity: A new set of tools for the clinical assessment of the elderly. Journal of Personality Assessment 49:311-317.

96.

Viney, L.L. and Wang, W. 1987. Psychosocial maturity of children in Australia and the Peoples' Republic of China. University of Wollongong, Australia. (Unpublished paper).

97.

Viney, L.L. and Westbrook, M.T. 1979. Sociality: A content analysis for verbalizations. Social Behavior and Personality 7:129-137.

98.

__________1986. Psychological States in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas and L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 157-170.

99.

Viney, L.L. , Westbrook, M.T. and Preston, C. 1986. Some Sources of Alienation for Drug Addicts. In: L. A. Gottschalk , F. Lolas and L. L. Viney (eds.) op. cit. pp. 189-196.

100.

Von Rad, M. , Drucke, M. , Knauss, W. and Lolas, F. 1979. Alexithymia: A Comparative Study of Verbal Behavior in Psychosomatic and Psychoneurotic Patients. In: L. A. Gottschalk (ed.) op. cit. pp. 641-674.

101.

Von Rad, M. and Lolas, F. 1982. Empirical evidence of alexithymia . Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (Basel ) 38:91-102.

102.

Westbrook, M.T. and Viney, L.L. 1976. Scales of origin and power perception using content analysis of speech. Journal of Personality Assessment 44:140-150.

103.

Whorf, J.B. and Carroll, J.B. 1956. Language, Thought, and Reality. (ed. J. B. Carroll ) New York: Wiley.

104.

Winget, C. , Seligman, R. , Rauh, J.L. and Gleser, G.C. 1979. Social alienation-personal disorganization assessment in disturbed and normal adolescents. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 167:282-287.