A perspective on health care for the elderly who lose their only child in China

Objectives: The 30-plus years of the One Child Policy has brought about a new “childless” elderly phenomenon in China and this group is expanding rapidly. These elderly parents who lose their only child are forced to endure psychological suffering and cope with health problems alone, as they are often ignored by society. The aim of this study is to explore the psychological trauma and living dilemma among older Chinese people who lose their only child and to discuss the support and health care to this newly vulnerable group in China. Methods: In-depth interviews with 34 childless older people were conducted in three districts in Beijing. Results: The study shows that the death of only child causes an unbearable psychological trauma for elderly parents, who display prominent clusters of symptoms. Moreover, the childless elderly frequently encounter discrimination in their lives and they feel neglected by the government and society. Conclusions: Although several local governments have launched schemes to support the childless elderly, the gap in assistance is still vast. Support from the government is essential in relieving the difficulties currently faced by the childless elderly, and the difficulties they face in the future. This includes two major aspects: health and life care, and spiritual comfort.