Reducing social inequalities in health: Moving from the ‘causes of the causes’ to the ‘causes of the structures’

Engels F. The condition of the working class in England. Frogmore: Panther Books Ltd., 1974, pp.126–127.

Taylor R Rieger A. Medicine as social-science – Virchow, Rudolf on the typhus epidemic in upper Silesia (reprinted from Sociology of Health and Illness). Int J Health Serv 1985;15(4):203.

Eikemo TA. Introducing the new scope and editorial board of the Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. Scand J Public Health 2017;45(2):85–9.

Smith KE. The politics of ideas: the complex interplay of health inequalities research and policy. Sci Public Policy 2014;41:561–74.

Mackenbach JP. Can we reduce health inequalities? An analysis of the English strategy (1997-2010). J Epidemiol Commun H 2011;65(7):568–75.

Mackenbach JP Bopp M Deboosere P et al . Determinants of the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality: a study of 17 European countries. Health Place 2017;47:44–53.

Dahl E Lie M. Policies to tackle health inequalities in Norway: from laggard to pioneer? Int J Health Serv 2009;39(3):509–23.

Whitehead M. Diffusion of ideas on social inequalities in health: a European perspective. Milbank Q 1998;76(3):469–92.

Graham H. Health inequalities, social determinants and public health policy. Policy Polit 2009;37(4):463–79.

Whitehead M Popay J. Swimming upstream? Taking action on the social determinants of health inequalities. Soc Sci Med 2010;71(7):1235.

World Health Organization. A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2010.

Embrett MG Randall GE. Social determinants of health and health equity policy research: exploring the use, misuse, and nonuse of policy analysis theory. Soc Sci Med 2014;108:147–55.

Dahl E van der Wel KA. Nordic health inequalities: patterns, trends and policies. In: Smith KE Hill S Bambra C (eds) Health inequalities critical perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, p.45.

Mackenbach JP. Has the English strategy to reduce health inequalities failed? Soc Sci Med 2010;71:1249–53.

MacIntyre S. The Black Report and beyond: what are the issues? Soc Sci Med 1997;44(6):740.

Smith KE Bambra C Hill S. Background and introduction. UK experiences of health inequalities. In: Smith KE Bambra C Hill S (eds) Health inequalities critical perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, p.12.

Marmot M. Closing the health gap. Scand J Public Health 2017;45(7):723–31.

Westin S. Meeting Sir Michael Marmot – another “Marmot Review”. Scand J Public Health 2017;45(7):694–711.

Collins C McCartney G Garnham L. Neoliberalism and health inequalities. In: Smith KE Bambra C Hill S (eds) Health inequalities critical perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, p.133.

Smith KE Hill S Bambra C. Conclusion. Where next for advocates, researchers, and policymakers trying to tackle health inequalities? In: Smith KE Bambra C Hill S (eds) Health inequalities critical perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, p.300.

Scambler G Scambler S. Theorizing health inequalities: the untapped potential of dialectical critical realism. Soc Theor Health 2015;13(3–4):340–54.

Mackenbach JP Kulhanova I Artnik B et al . Changes in mortality inequalities over two decades: register based study of European countries. BMJ 2016;353: 1–8.

Garthwaite K Smith KE Bambra C et al . Desperately seeking reductions in health inequalities: perspectives of UK researchers on past, present and future directions in health inequalities research. Sociol Health Illn 2015;38(3):464.

Lukács G. History and class consciousness. London: The Merlin Press Ltd., 1971, p.10.