With data from the public health insurance societies, 71 female alcoholics were studied for a period lasting from the sixth year before, to the fourth year after the first compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board. The control group consisted of 71 women, matched for age. The disability rate for the proband group rose markedly up to the year before the intervention, reflecting principally an increasing frequency rate. At the same time, the proportion not sick among the probands decreased markedly. The increase in the disability rate represented mainly the diagnostic categories accidents and mental disorders. During the last five years of the observation period, no other changes occurred concerning the morbidity. However, the proportion not insured for daily allowance, i.e. those in class 0 and those with disability pensions, showed a somewhat different pattern: an increase after the compulsory intervention. Three probands developed tuberculosis of the lungs during the observation period—about thirty times the expected incidence.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1. Adamson, C.-A.: Lungtuberkulosen förr och nu.Läkartidningen64: 1229, 1967.
2.
2. Adrell, R.: Klientel-och prognosundersökning vid statlig vårdanstalt för alkoholmissbrukare.Läkartidningen63: 142, 1966.
3.
3. Asma, F. E., Eggert, R. L. & Hilker, R. R. J.: Long-term experience with rehabilitation of alcoholic employees.J Occup Med13: 581, 1971.
4.
4. Behrend, H.: Voluntary absence from work.Int Labour Rev79: 109, 1959.
5.
5. Belfer, M. L., Shader, R. J., Carroll, M. & Harmatz, J. S.: Alcoholism in women.Arch Gen Psychiatry25: 540, 1971.
6.
6. Berglin, C.-G.: Femtio härbärgsklienter med social-hjälp.Soc Med Tidskr37: 295, 1960.
7.
7. Berner, P. & Solms, W.: Alkoholismus bei Frauen.Wien Z Nervenheilkd6: 275, 1953.
8.
8. Beskow, A.: Den nyupptäckta tuberkulosen i Göteborg.Svensk Läkartidn61: 491, 1964.
9.
9. Bews, D. C.: A medical program to assist management in the control of absenteeism.J Occup Med8: 243, 1966.
10.
10. Bjerver, K.: An evaluation of compulsive treatment programs for alcoholic patients in Stockholm with particular reference to longitudinal development, epidemiological aspects and patient morbidity. Opuscula Medica, Suppl. 25, 1972.
11.
11. Bocknik, H. J., Burchard, J. & Dieck, C.: Alkohol-missbrauch bei Frauen. Klinische Erfahrungen zwischen 1936 und 1957.Nervenarzt30: 433, 1959.
12.
12. Braun, P.: Ursachen und Ausmass der Chronizität der Tuberkulose.Bibl Tuberc Med Thorac25: 15, 1969.
13.
13. Bruce, T., Dahlbom, L., Dahlström, G., Hemring, H., Pegelow, K. & Uggla, L.-G.: Sociomedical studies of tuberculous patients from Stockholm.Acta Tuberc Scand, Suppl.50: 9, 1960.
14.
14. Christensen, O.: Follow-up of positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed in 1957.Scand J Resp Dis, Suppl.63: 9, 1968.
15.
15. Curran, F. J.: Personality studies in alcoholic women.J Nerv Ment Dis86: 645, 1937.
16.
16. Deshaies, G.: L'alcoolisme de la femme.Rev Al-cool9: 235, 1963.
17.
17. Forssman, S.: L'absentéisme dans l'industrie.Bull WHO13: 505, 1955.
18.
18. Fortuin, G. J.: Sickness absenteeism.Bull WHO13: 513, 1955.
19.
19. Hanngren, Å. & Öhnell, B.: Den socialmedicinska bakgrunden vid aktiv tuberkulos.Soc Med Tidskr45: 225, 1969.
20.
20. Henriksson, E.: Frånvaro från arbetet. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm, 1954.
21.
21. Hjortzberg-Nordlund, H.: Abuse of alcohol in middle-aged men in Göteborg. A social-psychiatric investigation. Acta Psychiat Scand, Suppl. 199, 1968.
22.
22. Holmdahl, S.-G.: Var skall man i dag söka tuberkulosen?Svensk Läkartidn58: 2787, 1961.
23.
23. Härö, A. S.: Tuberculosis and unsocial elements of the community.Acta Tuberc Scand35: 139, 1958.
24.
24. Inghe, M.-B. & Olin, R.: Alkoholisthustrur. Tiden/ Folksam, Stockholm, 1970.
25.
25. Kerntke, G.: Tuberkulose und Alkohol. Der störende Einfluss des Alkoholmissbrauchs auf die stationäre Behandlung und Vorschläge zu seiner Über-windung.Prax Pneumol22: 349, 1968.
26.
26. Krypsin-Exner, K. & Zapotoczky, H. G.: Der Alkoholismus tuberkulöser Heilstättenpatienten.Wien Z Nervenheilkd28: 153, 1970.
27.
27. Levendel, L., Ungár, I., Kozma, D. & Szarvas, I.: Über die chirurgische Terapie der Lungentuberkulose bei Alkoholikern.Beitr Klin Erforsch Tuberk139: 60, 1969.
28.
28. Lindén, V.: Absence from work and work capacity. The National Health Insurance, Local Office of Bergen, Bergen, 1967.
29.
29. Lindgren, G.: Alkohol och arbete.Svensk Läkartidn48: 3613, 1957.
30.
30. Lisansky, E. S.: Alcoholism in women: Social and psychological concomitants.Q J Stud Alcohol18: 588, 1957.
31.
31. Lokander, S.: Sick absence in a Swedish company. A sociomedical study. Acta Med Scand, Suppl. 377, 1962.
32.
32. Lundquist, G.: Prognosen och förloppet vid alkoholism. Institutet för maltdrycksforskning, no. 13, Stockholm, 1965.
33.
33. Lundquist, G.: Studier av förloppet vid alkoholberoende. Institutet för maltdrycksforskning, no. 20, Stockholm, 1968.
34.
34. Observer & Maxwell, M. A.: A study of absenteeism, accidents and sickness payments in problem drinkers in one industry.Q J Stud Alcohol20: 302, 1959.
35.
35. Olin, J. S. & Grzybowski, S.: Tuberculosis and alcoholism.Can Med Assoc J94: 999, 1966.
36.
36. Olsson, B.: Studier i frånvaro från arbetet. With a summary in English: Studies in absence from work. Industriens utredningsinstitut, no. 42. Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm, Göteborg, and Uppsala, 1967.
37.
37. Pell, S. & D'Alonzo, C. A.: Sickness absenteeism of alcoholics.J Occup Med12: 198, 1970.
38.
38. Pemberton, D. A.: A comparison of the outcome of treatment in female and male alcoholics.Br J Psychiatry113: 367, 1967.
39.
39. Rhodes, R. J. & Hudson, R. M.: A follow-up study of tuberculous skid row alcoholics.Q J Stud Alcohol30: 119, 1969.
40.
40. Rorsman, B.: Disability of psychiatric patients.Social Psychiatry5: 219, 1970.
41.
41. Rosenbaum, B.: Married women alcoholics at the Washingtonian Hospital.Q J Stud Alcohol19: 79, 1958.
42.
42. Schuckit, M., Pitts, F. N., Reich, T., King, L. J. & Winokur, G.: Alcoholism. I. Two types of alcoholism in women.Arch Gen Psychiatry20: 301, 1969.
43.
43. Sellergren, T.-L.: Relapse of tuberculosis in relation to previous treatment.Scand J Resp Dis, Suppl.72: 76, 1970.
44.
44. Ström, A.: Fravaeret i en norsk bedrift i etter-krigsårene.Nord Hyg Tidskr38: 17, 1957.
45.
45. Tessier, R.: L'alcoolisme dans les services de phtisiologie.Rev Alcool14: 5, 1968.
46.
46. Thorpe, J. J. & Perret, J. T.: Problem drinking. A follow-up study.Arch Ind Health19: 24, 1959.
47.
47. Tiitinen, H.: Isoniazid inactivation status and the development of chronic tuberculosis.Scand J Resp Dis50: 227, 1969.
48.
48. Trice, H. M.: Alcoholic employees. A comparison of psychotic, neurotic, and “normal” personnel.J Occup Med7: 94, 1965.
49.
49. Wall, J. H.: A study of alcoholism in women.Am J Psychiatry93: 943, 1937.
50.
50. Betänkande avgivet av arbetsmarknadskommitténs kvinnoutredning. SAF-LO, Stockholm, 1951.
51.
51. Klassifikation av sjukdomar 1968. (International statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death, 1965 revision adapted for indexing of hospital records and morbidity statistics). Social-styrelsen, Stockholm, 1968.
52.
52. National Insurance 1963. Official statistics of Sweden. The National Social Insurance Board, Stockholm, 1965.
53.
53. National Insurance 1967. Official statistics of Sweden. The National Social Insurance Board, Stockholm, 1969.
54.
54. Nykterhetsvårdens läge. Del I. Klientel och behandlingsresurser. SOU 36, Socialdepartementet, Stockholm, 1967.
55.
55. Nykterhetsvårdens läge. Del II. Bilagor. SOU 37, Socialdepartementet, Stockholm, 1967.
56.
56. The public sickness funds 1955. Official statistics of Sweden. The National Insurance Office, Stockholm, 1957.
