In this paper, high-entropy alloy (HEA) particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites were successfully prepared by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology. The effect of the addition of HEA particles on the microstructural evolution, compressive properties and wear properties was investigated. Given its weak binding with other HEA elements, Cu was the element that separated in the initial HEA-reinforced material and combined with Mg to produce CuMg2 dispersed in the matrix. The microhardness of the SPSed composite was 45.9% higher than that of the magnesium matrix. The SPSed composite with HEA particle content of 15 vol.% had the best compressive strength, and the ultimate compressive strength reached 269 MPa. With increased AlCoCuFeNi particles, the matrix could avoid fatigue wear, and the abrasive wear mechanism dominated.
KulekciM. Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology2008; 39: 851–865.
4.
GuptaMNaiMLSSharonL. Magnesium, Magnesium Alloys, and Magnesium Composites. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2011, pp. 4–11. DOI: 10.1002/9780470905098.
5.
ZhengMYWuKKamadoS, et al.Aging behavior of squeeze cast SiCw/AZ91 magnesium matrix composite. Mater Sci Eng A2003; 348: 67–75.
6.
HanFChenGLiuHW, et al.Microstructure and properties of cyclic extrusion and compression using as-cast ZK60 magnesium alloy. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering2017; 9: 40–44.
7.
TianYWuPXiaoL, et al.Technological advances in fabrication of magnesium matrix composites. Cailiao Daobao/Materials Review2016; 30: 32–38.
8.
YehJWChenSKLinSJ, et al.Nanostructured high-entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes. Adv Eng Mater2004; 6: 299–303.
9.
YehJ-WLinS-JChinT-S, et al.Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu-Co-Ni-Cr-Al-Fe-Ti-V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A2004; 35: 2533–2536.
10.
TungC-CYehJ-WShunT-t, et al.On the elemental effect of AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy system. Mater Lett2007; 61: 1–5.
11.
MengGLinXXieH, et al.Reinforcement and substrate interaction in laser surface forming of AlCoCrCuFeNi particle reinforced AZ91D matrix composites. J Alloys Compd2016; 672: 660–667.
12.
StaigerMPPietakAMHuadmaiJ, et al.Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials: a review. Biomaterials2006; 27: 1728–1734.
13.
ZhaoDYamaguchiTWangW. Fabrication and wear performance of Al0.8FeCrCoNi high entropy alloy coating on magnesium alloy by resistance seam welding. Mater Lett2020; 265: 127250.
14.
TunKSGuptaM. Enhanced mechanical properties and near unity yield asymmetry in equiatomic high entropy alloy particles reinforced magnesium composites. J Alloys Compd2019; 810: 151909.
15.
SharmaASYadavSBiswasK, et al.High-entropy alloys and metallic nanocomposites: processing challenges, microstructure development and property enhancement.Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports2018; 131: 1–42.
16.
EvansASan marchiCMortensenA. Metal matrix composites in industry: an introduction and a survey. Boston, MA: Springer, 2003, pp. 39–64.
17.
LiuYLiebenbergDH. Electromagnetic radio frequency heating in the pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) process. MRS Commun2017; 7: 266–271.
18.
CramerCMcMurrayJWLanceM, et al.Reaction-bond composite synthesis of SiC-TiB2 by spark plasma sintering/field-assisted sintering technology (SPS/FAST). J Eur Ceram Soc2019; 40: 988–995. DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.11.061.
19.
MariniDCunninghamDCorneyJ. Near net shape manufacturing of metal: A review of approaches and their evolutions. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture. 2018; 232: 650–669.
20.
NygrenMShenZ. On the preparation of bio-, nano- and structural ceramics and composites by spark plasma sintering. Solid State Sci2003; 5: 125–131.
21.
MinárikPStráskýJVeselýJ, et al.AE42 Magnesium alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering. J Alloys Compd2018; 742: 172–179.
22.
LiuRWangWChenH, et al.Densification of pure magnesium by spark plasma sintering-discussion of sintering mechanism. Adv Powder Technol2019; 30: 2649–2658.
23.
ZhangMZhouXWangD, et al.Additive manufacturing of in-situ strengthened dual-phase AlCoCuFeNi high-entropy alloy by selective electron beam melting. J Alloys Compd2022; 893: 162259.
24.
FanQChenCFanC, et al.Ultrasonic suppression of element segregation in gas tungsten arc cladding AlCoCuFeNi high-entropy alloy coatings. Surf Coat Technol2021; 420: 127364.
25.
PuchýVHvizdošPIvorM, et al.Preparation, friction, wear, and fracture of the Si3N4-Ag-GNPs composites prepared by SPS. J Eur Ceram Soc2020; 40: 4853–4859.
26.
WangHRenWLiG, et al.Microstructure and properties of FeCoNi1.5CrCu/2024Al composites prepared by microwave sintering. Mater Sci Eng A2021; 801: 140406.
27.
KlingerLRabkinE. Sintering of spherical particles of two immiscible phases controlled by surface and interphase boundary diffusion. Acta Mater2013; 61: 2607–2616.
28.
MunirZAAnselmi-TamburiniUOhyanagiM. The effect of electric field and pressure on the synthesis and consolidation of materials: a review of the spark plasma sintering method. J Mater Sci2006; 41: 763–777.
29.
MengGYueTMLinX, et al.Laser surface forming of AlCoCrCuFeNi particle reinforced AZ91D matrix composites. Opt Laser Technol2015; 70: 119–127.
30.
MengGHLinXXieH, et al.The effect of Cu rejection in laser forming of AlCoCrCuFeNi/Mg composite coating. Mater Des2016; 108: 157–167.
31.
SinghSWanderkaNMurtyBS, et al.Decomposition in multi-component AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy. Acta Mater2011; 59: 182–190.
32.
TakeuchiAInoueA. Classification of bulk metallic glasses by atomic size difference, heat of mixing and period of constituent elements and its application to characterization of the main alloying element.Materials Transactions - MATER TRANS2005; 46: 2817–2829.
33.
GuoSNgCLuJ, et al.Effect of valence electron concentration on stability of fcc or bcc phase in high entropy alloys. J Appl Phys2011; 109: 103505. DOI: 10.1063/1.3587228.
34.
HeJYLiuWHWangH, et al.Effects of Al addition on structural evolution and tensile properties of the FeCoNiCrMn high-entropy alloy system. Acta Mater2014; 62: 105–113.
35.
JayalakshmiSGuptaM. Metallic amorphous alloy reinforcements in light metal matrices. Cham: Springer, 2015, pp. 31–33.
36.
ZhangWHeLLuZ, et al.Microstructural characteristics and formation mechanism of adiabatic shear bands in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy under dynamic shear loading. Mater Sci Eng A2020; 791: 139430.
37.
ArchardJF. Single contacts and multiple encounters. J Appl Phys1961; 32: 1420–1425.
38.
MallikarjunaHMRameshCSKoppadPG, et al.Effect of carbon nanotube and silicon carbide on microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of copper hybrid nanocomposites. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2016; 26: 3170–3182.
39.
GülerOVarolTAlverÜ, et al.Microstructure and wear characterization of Al2O3 reinforced silver coated copper matrix composites by electroless plating and hot pressing methods. Materials Today Communications2021; 27: 102205.
40.
ArchardJF. Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces. J Appl Phys1953; 24: 981–988.
