This article examines recent trends in the study of the book of Kings in the 1990s and in the beginning years of the third millennium. It focuses on issues pertaining to: composition and redaction; structure; sources; purpose; and date of the book. After a survey of recent commentaries, the studies on the book of Kings are presented in various circles and contexts, such as the Deuteronomistic History, the relation of the book of Kings with other biblical sources, and several disciplines, including text criticism, history and historiography, archaeology, cult and religion, society, and literary criticism. The second part of this article, scheduled to appear in a subsequent issue of Currents, will deal with specific literary units of the book of Kings.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1993‘The Queen Mother and the Cult in Ancient Israel’ , JBL112: 385-401 .
2.
Ahituv, S.1992Handbook of Ancient Hebrew Inscriptions From the Beginning of the Second Commonwealth ( Hebrew; Jerusalem: Bialik Institute ).
3.
Ahituv, S. , and A. Mazar (eds.) 2000The History of Jerusalem: The Biblical Period (Hebrew; Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Press ).
4.
Ahlström, G.W.1993The History of Ancient Palestine from the Paleolithic Period to Alexander’s Conquest (JSOTSup, 146; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
5.
2000‘In Search of the Deuteronomists: A First Solution to a Historical Riddle’, in Römer (ed.) 2000: 1-17.
6.
Applegate, J.1998‘The Fate of Zedekiah: Redactional Debate in the Book of Jeremiah’ , VT48: 137-160; 301-308 .
7.
Ariel, D.T.et al. (eds.) 2000Excavations at the City of David, 1978-198, Directed by Yigal Shiloh V: Extramural Areas (Qedem, 40; Jerusalem: The Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem ).
8.
Arneth, M. 2001 ‘Die antiassyrische Reform Josias von Juda: Überlegungen zur Komposition und Intention von 2 Reg 23,4-15’, ZAR 7: 189-216.
9.
1999David, Solomon, and Egypt: A Reassessment (JSOTSup, 297; Sheffield: Shef-field Academic Press ).
10.
Athas, G.2003The Tel Dan Inscription: A Reappraisal and a New Interpretation (JSOTSup, 360; Copenhagen International Seminar; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
11.
2000‘The Deuteronomists between History and Theology’, in Lemaire and Saebø (eds.) 2000: 353-367.
12.
Avigad, N. , and B. Saas1997Corpus of West Semitic Seals ( Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society ).
13.
Avioz, M.2003‘When Was the First Temple Destroyed, According to the Bible?’ , Bib84: 562-565 .
14.
Avishur, Y. , and M. Heltzer2000Studies on the Royal Administration in Ancient Israel in the Light of Epigraphic Sources ( Tel Aviv: Archaeological Center Publication ).
15.
Axskjold, C.-J.1998Aram as the Enemy Friend: The Ideological Role of Aram in the Composition of Genesis-2 Kings (ConBOT, 45; Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell ).
16.
2003‘Mounds of Mystery: Where the Kings of Judah Were Lamented’ , BAR29.3: 32-39, 66 .
17.
Barnes, W.H.1991Studies in the Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel (HSM, 48; Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press ).
18.
2002The King and the Cemeteries: Toward a New Understanding of Josiah's Reform (VTSup, 88; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
19.
Barstad, H.M.1996The Myth of the Empty Land: A Study in the History and Archaeology of Judah During the ‘Exilic’ Period ( Oslo: Scandinavian University Press ).
20.
Barton, J. (ed.) 2002The Biblical World (2 vols.; London and New York: Routledge ).
21.
Bates, R.D.1999‘Assyria and Rebellion in the Annals of Sennacherib: An Analysis of Sennacherib’s Treatment of Hezekiah’ , Near East Archaeological Society Bulletin44: 39-61 .
22.
Beck, A.B.et al. (eds.) 1995Fortunate the Eyes that See: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Seventieth Birthday ( Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ).
23.
2003‘Chronology: A Skeleton Without Flesh? Sennacherib’s Campaign as a Case-study’, in Grabbe (ed.) 2003: 46-72.
24.
Becking, B.et al. (eds.) 2001 Only One God? Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah (The Biblical Seminar, 77 ; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
25.
2000Josephus’ Story of the Later Monarchy (AJ 9, 1-10,185) (BETL, 145; Leuven: Leuven University Press/Peeters ).
26.
Ben-Barak, Z.1991‘The Status and Right of the Gebira’ , JBL110: 23-34 .
27.
Bendor, S.1996The Social Structure of Ancient Israel ( Jerusalem: Simor ).
28.
Ben-Tor, A.2000‘Hazor and the Chronology of Northern Israel: A Reply to Israel Finkelstein’ , BASOR317: 9-15 .
29.
Ben-Tor, A. (ed.) 1992Archaeology of Ancient Israel ( New Haven: Yale University Press ).
30.
Ben Tor, A. , and D. Ben-Ami1998‘Hazor and the Archaeology of the Tenth Century BCE’ , IEJ48: 1-37 .
31.
Ben-Tor, A.et al. (eds.) 1996Yoqne’am I: The Late Periods (Qedem, 3; Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem ).
32.
1993‘History and Prophetic Texts’, in M.P. Grahamet al. (eds.), History and Interpretation: Essays in Honor of John H. Hayes (JSOTSup, 173; Sheffield: JSOT Press ): 106-120.
33.
Berlin, A. , and M. Brettler (eds.) 2004The Jewish Study Bible ( New York: Oxford University Press ).
34.
Berlinerblau, J.1999‘Preliminary Remarks for the Sociological Study of Israelite “Official Religion”’, in R. Chazanet al. (eds.), Ki Baruch Hu: Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, and Judaic Studies in Honor of Baruch A. Levine ( Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns ): 153-170.
35.
Bietenhard, S. 1998 ‘Armee und Herrführer in den Königsbüchern’, RB 105: 492-519.
36.
Binger, T.1997Asherah: Goddesses in Ugarit, Israel and the Old Testament (JSOTSup, 232; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
37.
Bird, P.A.1997‘The End of the Male Cult Prostitute: A Literary-Historical and Sociological Analysis of Hebrew qadeš-qadešim’, in Emerton (ed.) 1997: 37-80.
38.
Blakely, J.A.2002‘Reconciling Two Maps: Archaeological Evidence for the Kingdoms of David and Solomon’ , BASOR327: 49-54 .
39.
Blakely, J.A. , and J.W. Hardin2002‘Southwestern Judah in the Late 8th Century BCE’ , BASOR326: 11-64 .
40.
1994‘“Who is the King of Glory?” Solomon’s Temple and Its Symbolism’, in Cooganet al. (eds.) 1994: 18-31.
41.
Borowski, O.1995‘Hezekiah’s Reform and the Revolt Against Assyria’ , BA58: 148-155 .
42.
Boshoff, W.et al. (eds.) 2000Ancient Israelite Literature in Context ( Pretoria: Protea Book House ).
43.
Bowen, N.R.2001‘The Quest for the Historical Gebîrâ’ , CBQ64: 597-618 .
44.
Brekelmans, C. , and J. Lust (eds.) 1990 Pentateuchal and Deuteronomistic Studies , Papers Read at the XIIIth International Organization for the Study of the Old Testoment Congress, Leuven 1989 (Leuven: Peeters).
45.
2000A Feminist Companion to Samuel and Kings, Second Series (Feminist Companion to the Bible, 7; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
46.
Brettler, M.Z.1995The Creation of History in Ancient Israel ( New York: Routledge ).
47.
Broshi, M. , and I. Finkelstein1992‘The Population of Palestine in Iron Age II’ , BASOR287: 47-60 .
Bunimovitz, S. , and A. Faust2001‘Chronological Separation, Geographical Segregation, or Ethnic Demarcation? Ethnography and the Iron Age Low Chronology’ , BASOR322: 1-10 .
50.
2003‘The Last Days of Beth-Shemesh and the Pax Assyriaca in the Judean Shephelah’ , TA30: 3-26 .
51.
Campbell, A.F. , and M.A. O’Brien2000Unfolding the Deuteronomistic History: Origins, Upgrades, Present Text ( Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Fortress ).
52.
Carroll, R.M.D. (ed.) 2000Rethinking Contexts, Rereading Texts: Contributions from the Social Sciences to Biblical Interpretation (JSOTSup, 299; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
53.
Chalcraft, D.J. (ed.) 1997 Social-Scientific Old Testament Criticism: A Sheffield Reader (The Biblical Seminar, 47; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
2001b‘Sennacherib’s Siege of Jerusalem. Once or Twice?’ , BAR27.1: 40-45; 69 .
56.
Cogan, M. , and H. Tadmor1988II Kings (AB, 10; Garden City, NY: Doubleday ).
57.
Cohen, M. (ed.) 1995Mikra’ot Gedolot ‘Haketer’: 1 and 2 Kings—A Revised and Augmented Scientific Edition of Mikra’ot Gedolot, Based on the Aleppo Codex and Early Medieval MSS ( Ramat-Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press ).
Coogan, M.D. (ed.) 1998The Oxford History of the Biblical World ( New York: Oxford University Press ).
60.
Coogan, M.D.et al. (eds.) 1994Scripture and Other Artifacts: Essays on the Bible and Archaeology in Honor of Philip J. King ( Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press ).
61.
Cortese, E.1990‘Theories Concerning Dtr: A Possible Rapprochement’, in Brekelmans and Lust (eds.) 1990: 179-190.
62.
2003‘Notes on the Forged Plaque Recording Repairs to the Temple’ , IEJ53: 119-122 .
63.
Currid, J.D.1997Ancient Egypt and the Old Testament ( Grand Rapids, MI: Baker ).
64.
Day, J.2000Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan (JSOTSup, 265; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
65.
Dearman, A. (ed.) 1989Studies in the Mesha Inscription and Moab ( Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press ).
66.
Dearman, J.A. , and M.P. Graham (eds.) 2001The Land That I Will Show You: Essays on the History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honour of J. Maxwell Miller (JSOTSup, 343; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
67.
Deutsch, R.1999Messages from the Past: Hebrew Bullae from the Time of Isaiah through the Destruction of the First Temple ( Tel Aviv: Archaeological Center Publication ).
68.
2001bWhat Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? What Archaeology Can Tell Us About the Reality of Ancient Israel ( Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ).
69.
2000‘Prophetie im deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk’, in Römer (ed.) 2000: 47-65.
70.
Dion, P.E. 1997 Les araméens à l’age dur fer: Histoire politique et structures sociales (Études Bibliques, 34; Paris: Gabalda).
71.
Dothan, T.2002‘Bronze and Iron Objects with Cultic Connotations from Philistine Temple Building 350 at Ekron’ , IEJ52: 1-27 .
72.
Dutcher-Walls, P.1996Narrative Art, Political Rhetoric: The Case of Athaliah and Joash (JSOTSup, 209; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
73.
Ehrlich, C.S.2001‘The Bytdwd-Inscription and Israelite Historiography: Taking Stock after Half a Decade of Research’, in P.M.M. Daviauet al. (eds.), The World of the Aramaeans: Studies in Language and Literature in Honour of Paul-Euguen Dion, III (JSOTSup, 326; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 57-71.
74.
Elgavish, D.2000‘Objective of Baasha’s War against Asa’, in Galil and Weinfeld (eds.) 2000: 141-149.
75.
2002‘The Value of the Moabite Stone as a Historical Source’ , VT52: 483-492 .
2003b‘Nebuchadnezzar the Warrior: Remarks on his Military Achievements’ , IEJ53: 178-191 .
78.
Exum, J.C. (ed.) 2000Virtual History and the Bible ( Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
79.
Eynikel, E.1996The Reform of King Josiah and the Composition of the Deuteronomistic History (OTS, 33; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
80.
2003‘Judah in the Sixth Century BCE: A Rural Perspective’ , PEQ135: 37-53 .
81.
1995 ‘The Vetus Latina of 1-2 Kings and the Hebrew’ , VIII Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press): 153-163 .
82.
Fewell, D. (ed.) 1992Reading Between Texts: Intertextuality and the Hebrew Bible ( Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox ).
83.
2002‘The Campaign of Shoshenq I to Palestine: A Guide to the 10th Century BCE Polity’ , ZDPV118: 109-135 .
84.
Finkelstein, I. , and N.A. Silberman2000The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology’s New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Sacred Texts ( New York: Free Press ).
85.
Finkelstein, I. , D. Ussishkin and B. Halpern (eds.) 2000Megiddo III: The 1992-1996 Seasons ( Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press ).
86.
Fox, N.S.2000In the Service of the King: Officialdom in Ancient Israel and Judah ( Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press ).
87.
Fretheim, T.E.1999First and Second Kings (Westminster Bible Companion; Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox ).
88.
Fried, L.S.2002‘The High Places (Bâmôt) and the Reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah: An Archaeological Interpretation’ , JAOS122: 437-465 .
89.
Friedman, R.E.1995‘The Deuteronomistic School’, in A.B. Becket al. (eds.), Fortunate the Eyes that See: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Seventieth Birthday ( Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ): 70-80.
Gakuru, G.2000An Inner-Biblical Exegetical Study of the Davidic Covenant and the Dynastic Oracle (Mellen Biblical Press Series, 58; Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen Press ).
93.
2002‘Shalmaneser III in the West’ , RB109: 40-56 .
94.
Galil, G. , and M. Weinfeld (eds.) 2000Studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography Presented to Zecharia Kallai (VTSup, 81; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
95.
Gallagher, W.R.1999Sennacherib’s Campaign to Judah: New Studies (SHCANE, 18; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
96.
Galpaz-Feller, P.2000‘Is that So? (2 Kings XVII 4)’ , RB107: 338-347 .
97.
Gane, R.1997‘The Role of Assyria in the Ancient Near East during the Reign of Manasseh’ , AUSS35: 21-32 .
98.
19941 Kings (Hebrew; The World of the Bible; Tel Aviv: Davidson-Atai ).
99.
Gelinas, M.M.1995‘United Monarchy—Divided Monarchy: Fact or Fiction?’, in Holloway and Handy (eds.) 1995: 227-237.
100.
Geoghegan, J.C.2003‘“Until This Day” and the Preexilic Redaction of the Deuteronomistic History’ , JBL122: 201-227 .
101.
Gerhards, M.1998‘Die Begandugung Jojachins Uberlegungen zu 2 Kon. 25.27-30 (mit einem Anhang zu den Nennungen Jojachins auf Zuteilungslisten aus Babylon)’ , BN94: 52-67 .
102.
Gittlen, B.M. (ed.) 2001Sacred Time, Sacred Place: Archaeology and the Religion of Israel ( Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
103.
Glatt-Gilad, D.2001‘Regnal Formulae as a Historiographic Device in the Book of Chronicles’ , RB108: 184-209 .
104.
Gnuse, R.1999‘The Emergence of Monotheism in Ancient Israel: A Survey of Recent Scholarship’ , Religion29: 315-336 .
105.
Goldberg, J.1999‘Two Assyrian Campaigns against Hezekiah and Later Eighth Century Biblical Chronology’ , Bib80: 360-390 .
106.
Grabbe, L.L.2000‘Writing Israel’s History at the End of the Twentieth Century’, in A. Lemaire and M. Saebø (eds.), Congress Volume, Oslo 1998 (VTSup, 80; Leiden: E.J. Brill ): 203-218.
107.
2003‘Like a Bird in a Cage’: The Invasion of Sennacherib in 701 BCE (JSOTSup, 363; European Seminar in Historical Methodology, 4; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press/Continuum ).
108.
2003The Chronicler as Theologian: Essays in Honor of Ralph W. Klein (JSOTSup, 371; London: T. & T. Clark ).
109.
Graham, M.P. , and S.L. McKenzie (eds.) 1999The Chronicler as Author: Studies in Text and Texture (JSOTSup, 263; Shef-field: Sheffield Academic Press ).
110.
Granowski, J.1992‘Jehoiachin at the King’s Table: A Reading of the Ending of the Second Book of Kings’, in Fewel (ed.) 1992: 173-190.
111.
Groß, W. (ed.) 1995 Jeremia und die ‘deuteronomistische Bewegung’ (BBB, 98; Weinheim: Beltz Athenäum Verlag).
112.
Hadely, J.2000The Cult of Asherah in Ancient Israel and Judah: Evidence for a Hebrew Goddess ( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press ).
113.
Hallo, W.W. , and K.L. Younger, Jr (eds.) 1997-2002The Context of Scripture (3 vols.; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
114.
2000‘The Gate of Megiddo and the Debate on the 10th Century’, in Lemaire and Saebø (eds.) 2000: 79-121.
115.
Halpern B. , and D.S. Vanderhooft1991‘The Editions of Kings in the 7th-6th Centuries BCE’ , HUCA62: 179-244 .
116.
Handy, L.K.1995‘Historical Probability and the Narrative of Josiah’s Reform in 2 Kings’, in Holloway and Handy (eds.) 1995: 252-275.
117.
Handy, L.K. (ed.) 1997The Age of Solomon: Scholarship at the Turn of the Millennium (SHCANE, 11; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
118.
Haran, M.1999‘The Books of the Chronicles “of the Kings of Judah” and “of the Kings of Israel”: What/Sort of Books were They?’ , VT49: 156-164 .
119.
Hasel, M.G.2002‘The Destruction of Trees in the Moabite Campaign of 2 Kings 3:4-27: A Study of the Laws of Warfare’ , AUSS40: 197-206 .
120.
Hauser, A.J2002‘Should Ahab Go to Battle or Not? Ambiguity as a Rhetorical Device in 1 Kings 22’, in A. Erikssonet al. (eds.), Rhetorical Argumentation in Biblical Texts. Essays from the Lund 2000 Conference (Emory Studies for Early Christianity; Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International ): 141-154.
121.
Hauser, A.J. , and R. Gregory1990From Carmel to Horeb: Elijah in Crisis ( Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
122.
Hayes, J.H.2001‘The Beginning of the Regnal Year in Israel and Judah’, in Dearman and Graham (eds.) 2001: 92-95.
123.
Hayes, J.H. , and J.K. Kuan1991‘The Final Years of Samaria (730-720 BC)’ , Bib72: 153-181 .
124.
2001‘The Date of the Temple at Arad: Reassessment of the Stratigraphy and the Implications for the History of Religion in Judah’, in Mazar (ed.) 2001: 156-178.
125.
Hess, R.1999‘Hezekiah and Sennacherib in 2 Kings 18-20’, in R. Hess (ed.), Zion, City of Our God ( Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ): 23-41.
126.
Hoffmeier, J.K.2003‘Egypt’s Role in the Events of 701 B.C. in Jerusalem’, in Vaughn and Killebrew 2003: 219-234.
127.
Hogenhaven, J.1990‘The Prophet Isaiah and Judaean Foreign Policy Under Ahaz and Hezekiah’ , JNES49: 351-354 .
128.
Holladay, J.S., Jr1995‘The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah; Political and Economic Centralization in the Iron IIA-B (ca. 1000-750 BCE)’, in Levy (ed.) 1995: 368-398.
129.
Holloway, S.W. , and L.K. Handy (eds.) 1995The Pitcher is Broken: Memorial Essays for Gösta W. Ahlström (JSOTSup, 190; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
130.
Hooker, P.K.2001‘The Year of Josiah’s Death: 609 or 610 BCE?’, in Dearman and Graham (eds.) 2001: 96-103.
131.
Hoppe, L.J.2001‘The Afterlife of a Text: The Case of Solomon’s Prayer in 1 Kings 8’ , LA51: 9-30 .
Hughes, J.R.A.1990Secrets of the Times: Myth and History in Biblical Chronology (JSOTSup, 66; Sheffield: JSOT Press ).
134.
1998 ‘Ascending the Mountain of the Lord: A Glimpse into the Solomonic Temple’ , in J.G. Westenholz (ed.), Capital Cities: Urban Planning and Spiritual Dimensions. Proceedings of the Symposium Held on May 27-29, 1996 in Jerusalem (Jerusalem: Bible Lands Museum): 215-223 .
135.
Irvine, S.A.1990Isaiah, Ahaz, and the Syro-Ephraimitic Crisis ( Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press ).
136.
Jamieson-Drake, D.W.1991Scribes and Schools in Monarchic Judah: A Socio-Archaeological Approach (JSOTSup, 155; The Social World of Biblical Antiquity, 9; Sheffield: Almond Press ).
137.
Japhet, S.1999‘From the King’s Sanctuary to the Chosen City’, in L.I. Levine (ed.), Jerusalem: Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam ( New York: Continuum ).
138.
Jobling, D.2003‘The Salvation of Israel in “The Book of the Divided Kingdoms”, or, Was there Any “Fall of the Northern Kingdom”?’, in R. Boer and E.W. Conrad (eds.), Redirected Travel: Alternative Journeys and Places in Biblical Studies ( London: T. & T. Clark ): 50-61.
139.
Jones, G.H.1994‘From Abijam to Abijah’ , ZAW106: 420-434 .
140.
Kalimi, I.2000The Book of Chronicles: Historical Writing and Literary Devices (Hebrew; The Biblical Encyclopaedia Library, 18; Jerusalem: Mosad Bialik ).
141.
Kasher, R.2001‘The Sitz im Buch of the Story of Hezekiah’s Illness and Cure (II Reg 20,1- 11; Isa. 38,1-22)’ , ZAW113: 41-55 .
142.
Katzenstein, H.J.1997The History of Tyre, from the Beginning of the Second Millenium BCE until the Fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BCE ( Jerusalem: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Press , 2nd edn).
143.
Keel, O.1998Goddesses and Trees, New Moon and Yahweh: Ancient Near Eastern Art and the Hebrew Bible (JSOTSup, 261; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
144.
2003‘Hoshea, Sargon and the Final Destruction of Samaria: A Response to M. Christine Tetley with a View Towards Method’ , SJOT17: 226-244 .
145.
Kelly, B.E.2002‘Manasseh in the Books of Kings and Chronicles (2 Kings 21:1-18; 2 Chron 33:1-20)’, in Longet al. (eds.) 2002: 131-146.
146.
King, P.J. , and L.E. Stager2001Life in Biblical Israel (Library of Ancient Israel; Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox ).
147.
2002‘The Controlling Role of External Evidence in Assessing the Historical Status of the Israelite United Monarchy’, in Longet al. (eds.) 2002: 111-130.
148.
Kleinig, J.W.1994‘Recent Research in Chronicles’ , CR: BS2: 43-76 .
149.
Kletter, R.1998Economic Keystones: The Weight System of the Kingdom of Judah (JSOTSup, 276; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
2001‘Rethinking the Relationship between Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History: The Case of Kings’ , CBQ63: 393-415 .
152.
Knoppers, G.N. , and J.G. McConville (eds.) 2000Reconsidering Israel and Judah: Recent Studies on the Deuteronomistic History (Sources for Biblical and Theological Study, 8; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
153.
2001‘Šamši-ilu and the Realpolitik of Israel and Aram-Damascus in the Eighth Century BCE’, in Dearman and Graham (eds.) 2001: 135-151.
154.
Laato, A.1992Josiah and David Redivivus: The Historical Josiah and the Messianic Expectations of Exilic and Postexilic Times (ConBOT, 33; Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell ).
155.
LaRocca-Pitts, E.C.2001‘Of Wood and Stone’: The Significance of Israelite Cultic Items in the Bible and Its Early Interpreters (HSM, 61; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
156.
Larsson, G.2002‘Septuagint versus Massoretic Chronology’ , ZAW114: 511-521 .
157.
Lasine, S.1992‘Reading Jeroboam’s Intentions: Intertextuality, Rhetoric, and History in 1 Kings 12’, in Fewell (ed.) 1992: 133-152.
158.
Lemaire, A. , and M. Saebø (eds.) 2000 Congress Volume, Oslo 1998 (VTSup, 80; Leiden: E.J. Brill).
159.
Lemche, N.P.2002‘Chronology and Archives: When Does the History of Israel and Judah Begin?’, in D.M. Gunn and P.M. McNutt (eds.), ‘Imagining’ Biblical Worlds: Studies in Spatial, Social and Historical Constructs in Honor of James W. Flanagan (JSOTSup, 359; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 264-276.
160.
Levy, T.E. (ed.) 1995The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land ( London: Leicester University Press ).
161.
Linville, J.R.1998Israel in the Book of Kings: The Past as a Project of Social Identity (JSOTSup, 272; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
162.
Lipinski, E.2000The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion (OLA, 100; Leuven: Peeters ).
163.
Lipinski, E. (ed.) 1991 Phoenicia and the Bible; Proceedings of the Conference Held at the University of Leuven, March 1990 (Leuven: Departement Oriëntalistiek; Uitgeverij Peeters).
164.
Lipschits, O.2002-2003‘“Jehoiakim Slept with His Fathers…” (II Kings 24:6)—Did He?’ , JHS4.1: 1-27 . http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/JHS/Articles/article_23.htm/
165.
Lipschits, O. , and J. Blenkinsopp (eds.) 2003Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-Babylonian Period ( Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
166.
2000‘Which Oracle Granted Perdurability to the Davidides? A Textual Problem in 2 Kings 8:19 and the Function of the Dynastic Oracles in the Deuteronomistic Historical Work’, in Knoppers and McConville (eds.) 2000: 421-443.
167.
19912 Kings (FOTL; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ).
168.
Long, V.P.1994The Art of Biblical History ( Grand Rapids: Zondervan ).
169.
Long, V.P. (ed.) 1999Israel’s Past in Present Research (Sources for Biblical Theological Study, 7; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
170.
Long, V.P.et al. (eds.) 2002Windows into Old Testament History: Evidence, Argument, and the Crisis of ‘Biblical Israel’ ( Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ).
171.
Lowery, R.H.1991The Reforming Kings: Cult and Society in First Temple Judah (JSOTSup, 120; Sheffield: JSOT Press ).
172.
Lubetski, M.2001‘King Hezekiah’s Seal Revisited’ , BAR27.4: 44-51, 59 .
173.
Malamat, A.2001History of Biblical Israel: Major Problems and Minor Issues (CHANE, 7; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
174.
Mandell, S. , and D.N. Freedman1993The Relationship between Herodotus' History and Primary History ( Atlanta: Scholars Press ).
175.
Markoe, G.2000Phoenicians: Peoples of the Past ( London: British Museum Press ).
176.
Matthews, V.H. , and D.C. Benjamin1993Social World of Ancient Israel 1250-587 BCE ( Peabody, MA: Hendrickson ).
177.
2001‘Beth Shean During the Iron Age II: Stratigraphy, Chronology and Hebrew Ostraca’, in Mazar (ed.) 2001: 289-309.
178.
Mazar, A. (ed.) 2001Studies in the Archaeology of the Iron Age in Israel and Jordan (JSOTSup, 331; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
179.
Mazar, A. , and J. Camp2000‘Will Tel Rehov Save the United Monarchy?’ , BAR26.2: 38-51, 75 .
180.
McCarter, P.K.1997‘The Religious Reforms of Hezekiah and Josiah’, in Shanks and Meinhardt (eds.) 1997: 57-80.
181.
1998‘King and Messiah in Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History’, in J. Day (ed.), King and Messiah in Israel and the Ancient Near East (JSOTSup, 270; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 271-295.
182.
1992‘Some Missing Coregencies in Thiele’s Chronology’ , AUSS30: 35-58 .
183.
McKenzie, S.L.1991The Trouble with Kings: The Composition of the Book of Kings in the Deuteronomistic History (VTSup, 42; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
184.
McKenzie, S.L. , and M.P. Graham (eds.) 1994The History of Israel's Traditions: The Heritage of Martin Noth (JSOTSup, 182; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
185.
McNutt, P.M.1999Reconstructing the Society of Ancient Israel ( Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press ).
186.
2000‘The New ‘Ain Dara Temple: Closest Solomonic Comparison’ , BAR26.3: 20-36, 67 .
187.
Moor, J.C. de , and H.F. van Rooy (eds.) 2000Past, Present, Future: The Deuteronomistic History and the Prophets (OTS, 44; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
Murray, D.F.2001‘Of All the Years the Hopes—or Fears? Jehoiachin in Babylon (2 Kings 25:27-30)’ , JBL120: 245-265 .
190.
2002The Past That Shapes the Present: The Creation of Biblical Historiography at the End of the First Temple Period and After the Destruction (Hebrew; Yeriot: In memoriam of Yitzhak (Izik) Hess; Essays and Papers in Jewish Studies Bearing on the Humanities and the Social Sciences, 3; Jerusalem: Orna Hess ).
191.
Niehr, H.1995‘Die Reform des Joschija: methodische, historische und religionsgeschichtliche Aspekte’, in Groß (ed.) 1995: 33-55.
192.
Niemann, H.M.2000‘Megiddo and Solomon: A Biblical Investigation in Relation to Archaeology’ , TA27: 61-74 .
193.
Norin, S.1998‘The Age of the Siloam Inscription and Hezekiah’s Tunnel’ , VT48: 37-48 .
194.
Noth, M1981The Deuteronomistic History (JSOTSup, 15; Sheffield: JSOT Press ; German edn 1943).
195.
O’Brien, M.A.1989The Deuteronomistic History Hypothesis: A Reassessment (OBO, 92; Freiburg: Universitätsverlag/Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Reprecht ).
196.
2003‘Where is the “Myth of the Empty Land” to be Found? History Versus Myth’, in Lipschits and Blenkinsopp (eds.) 2003: 55-74.
197.
Oded, B. , and M. Kochman (eds.) 1994II Kings (Hebrew; The World of the Bible; Tel Aviv: Davidson-Atai ).
198.
Oeming, M., and K. Schmid (eds.) 2003 Der eine Gott und die Goetter: Polytheismus und Monotheismus im antikenIsrael (AThANT, 82; Zürich: Theologischer Verlag)
199.
Ofer, A.2001‘The Monarchic Period in the Judean Highland’, in Mazar (ed.) 2001: 14-37.
200.
O’Kennedy, D.F.2000‘The Prayer of Solomon (I Ki. 8: 22-53): Paradigm for the Understanding of Forgiveness in the Old Testament’ , OTE13: 72-88 .
201.
Olley, J.W.1999‘“Trust in the Lord”: Hezekiah, Kings and Isaiah’ , TynBul50: 59-77 .
202.
Oredsson, D.1998‘Jezreel—Its Contribution to Iron Age Chronology’ , SJOT12: 86-101 .
203.
Otto, E. 2000 Das Deuteronomium im Pentateuch und Hexateuch (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
204.
Parker, S.B.2000‘Did the Authors of the Books of Kings Make Use of Royal Inscriptions?’ , VT50: 357-378 .
205.
Perdue, L.G.et al. (eds.) 1997Families in Ancient Israel ( Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox ).
206.
2002The Deuteronomic School: History, Social Setting, and Literature (Studies in Biblical Literature, 2; Atlanta: SBL ).
207.
Pietsch, M. 2003 ‘Dieser ist der Spross Davids…’: Studien zur Rezeptionsgeschichte derNathanverheißung im alt-testamentlichen, zwischentestamentlichen und neutestamentlichen Schrifttum (WMANT, 100; Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchen Verlag).
208.
2000‘In the Stable with the Dwarves: Testimony, Interpretation, Faith and the History of Israel’, in Lemaire and Saebø (eds.) 2000: 281-319.
209.
Pury, A. deet al. (eds.) 2000Israel Constructs its History: Deuteronomistic Historiography in Recent Research (JSOTSup, 306; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press) .
210.
Rainey, A.F.1994‘Hezekiah’s Reform and the Altars at Beer-sheba and Arad’, in Cooganet al. (eds.) 1994: 333-354.
211.
Raney, D.C.2003History as Narrative in the Deuteronomistic History and Chronicles (Studies in Bible and Early Christianity, 56; Lewiston, NY: Mellen Biblical Press) .
212.
Redford, D.B.1992Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times ( Princeton: Princeton University Press) .
213.
Reich, R.2003‘The Urban Development of Jerusalem in the Late Eighth Century BCE’, in Vaughn and Killebrew (eds.) 2003: 209-218.
214.
Reich, R. , and E. Shukron2002‘Reconsidering the Karstic Theory as an Explanation to the Cutting of Hezekiah’s Tunnel in Jerusalem’ , BASOR325: 75-80 .
215.
Rendsburg, G.A.2002Israelian Hebrew in the Book of Kings ( Bethesda, MD: CDL Press ).
216.
Reviv, H.1993The Society in the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah (Hebrew; Jerusalem: The Bialik Institute ).
217.
Rice, G.1990Nations Under God: A Commentary on the Book of 1 Kings (ITC; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans ).
218.
Rofé, A.1988The Prophetical Stories: The Narratives about the Prophets in the Hebrew Bible, Their Literary Types and History ( Jerusalem: Magnes Press ).
219.
Rogerson, J. , and P. Davies1996‘Was the Siloam Tunnel Built by Hezekiah?’ , BA59: 138-149 .
220.
Römer, T.C. (ed.) 2000The Future of the Deuteronomistic History (BETL, 147; Leuven: Peeters ).
221.
Römer, T.C. , and A. de Pury2000‘Deuteronomistic Historiography (DH): History of Research and Debated Issues’, in A. de Puryet al. (eds.), Israel Constructs Its History: Deuteronomistic History in Recent Research (JSOTSup, 306; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 24-141.
222.
2000‘Does A Comprehensive “Leitmotive” Exist in the Deuteronomistic History?’, in Römer (ed.) 2000: 195-211.
223.
Rudman, D.2000‘Is the Rabshakeh also among the Prophets? A Rhetorical Study of 2 Kings xviii 17-35’ , VT50: 100-110 .
224.
Sasson, J.M. (ed.) 1995Civilizations of the Ancient Near East (4 vols.; New York: Scribner ).
225.
Schearing, L.S. , and S.L. McKenzie (eds.) 1999Those Elusive Deuteronomists: The Phenomenon of Pan-Deuteronomism (JSOTSup, 288; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
226.
Schenker, A.2000‘Jeroboam and the Division of the Kingdom in the Ancient Septuagint: LXX 3 Kingdoms 12.24 a-z, MT 1 Kings 11-12, 14, and the Deuteronomistic History’, in A. de Puryet al. (eds.) 2000: 214-257.
227.
1999 Israel und Ägypten in der Königszeit. Die kulturellen Kontakte vom Salomobis zum Fall Jerusalems (OBO, 170; Freiburg: Universitätsverlag; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht).
228.
Schmitt, H.C.1997‘Das spätdeuteronomistische Geschichtswerk Genesis 1-2 Regum XXV und seine theologische Intention’, in Emerton (ed.) 1997: 261-279.
229.
Schniedewind, W. , and D. Sivan1997‘The Dialect of the Elisha-Elijah Narratives: A Case Study in Northern Hebrew’ , JQR137: 303-337 .
230.
Schulte, H.1995‘The End of the Omride Dynasty: Social-Ethical Observations on the Subject of Power and Violence’ , Semeia66: 133-148 .
231.
Schwartz, J.1998‘Dogs, “Water”, and Wall’ , SJOT14: 101-116 .
232.
1991Zion’s Final Destiny: The Development of the Book of Isaiah: A Reassessment of Isaiah 36-39 ( Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press ).
233.
Seow, C.-L.1999‘The First and Second Books of Kings’, in NIB III ( Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press ): 3-295.
234.
Shanks, H. (ed.) 1999Ancient Israel: From Abraham to the Roman Destruction of the Temple ( Washington: Biblical Archaeology Society , rev. edn).
235.
Shanks, H. , and J. Meinhardt (eds.) 1997 Aspects of Monotheism: How God Is One . Symposium at the Smithsonian Institution October 19, 1996 (Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society).
236.
Shavitsky, Z.2003‘The People of Israel in Exile: Contacts with Aram (Syria) from the Time of King David to the Fall of Damascus 732 BCE’ , Australian Journal of Jewish Studies17: 187-194 .
237.
Shaw, C.S.1997‘The Sins of Rehoboam: The Purpose of 3 Kingdoms 12.24a-z’ , JSOT73: 55-64 .
238.
Shea, W.H.1999‘Jerusalem under Siege: Did Sennacherib Attack Twice?’ , BAR25.2: 36-44, 64 .
239.
Silberman, N.A.2003‘Archaeology, Ideology, and the Search for David and Solomon’, in Vaughn andKillebrew (eds. ) 2003: 395-405.
240.
Silberman, N.A. , and D. Small1997The Archaeology of Israel: Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present (JSOTSup, 237; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
241.
1998‘The Representation of King Ahaz in 2 Kings 16 and 2 Chronicles 28’, in J.C. de Moor (ed.), Intertextuality in Ugarit and Israel (OTS, 40; Leiden: E.J. Brill ): 143-185.
242.
Smith, C.1998‘“Queenship” in Israel: The Cases of Bathsheba, Jezebel and Athaliah’, in J. Day (ed.), King and Messiah in Israel and the Ancient Near East (JSOTSup, 270; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 142-162.
243.
Smith, M.S.2003The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel (Biblical Resource Series; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans , 2nd edn).
244.
Smith-Christopher, D.L.1997‘Reassessing the Historical and Sociological Impact of the Babylonian Exile (597/587-539 BCE)’, in J.M. Scott (ed.), Exile: Old Testament, Jewish, and Christian Conceptions (JSJSup, 56; Leiden: E.J. Brill ): 7-36.
245.
Solvang, E.K.2003A Woman’s Place is in the House: Royal Women of Judah and Their Involvement in the House of David (JSOTSup, 349; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ).
246.
Spanier, K.1998‘The Northern Israelite Queen Mother in the Judaean Court: Athalia and Abi’, in M. Lubetskiet al. (eds.), Boundaries of the Ancient Near Eastern World (JSOTSup, 273; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press ): 136-149.
247.
Spottorno y Díaz-Caro, M.V. 1995 ‘Josephus’ Text for 1-2 Kings (3-4 Kingdoms)’ , in L. Greenspoon and O. Munnich (eds.), 8th International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies Congress, Paris 1992 (Atlanta: Scholars Press): 145-152 .
248.
Sprinkle, J.M.1999‘2 Kings 3: History or Historical Fiction?’ , BBR9: 247-270 .
249.
2001Archaeology of the Land of the Bible: The Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods (732-332 B.C.E.) ( New York: Doubleday ).
250.
Stern, E. (ed.) 1993New Encyclopaedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (4 vols.; Jerusalem: Carta ).
251.
Stern, P.D.1992‘Of Kings and Moabites: History and Theology in 2 Kings 3 and Mesha Inscription’ , HUCA64: 1-14 .
252.
Swanson, K.A.2002‘A Reassessment of Hezekiah’s Reform in Light of Jar Handles and Iconographic Evidence’ , CBQ64: 460-469 .
253.
Sweeney, M.A.2001King Josiah of Judah: The Lost Messiah of Israel ( Oxford: Oxford University Press ).
254.
2001‘Literary Design—A Criterion for Originality? A Case Study: 3 Kgdms 12:24a-z; 1 K 11-14’, in Y. Goldman and C. Uehlinger (eds.), La double transmission du texte biblique: Études d'histoire du texte offertes en hommage à Adrian Schenker (OBO, 179; Fribourg; Editions Universitaires Fribourg/University Press ): 41-57.
255.
Talstra, E.1993Solomon’s Prayer: Synchrony and Diachrony in the Composition of I Kings 8, 14-61 (trans. G. Runia-Deenick; Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology, 3; Kampen: Kok Pharos ).
256.
2001The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria. II: The Eighth Century BCE (HSS, 44; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
257.
Taylor, B.A.1993The Lucianic Manuscripts of I Reigns (2 vols.; HSM, 50-51; Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press ).
258.
Taylor, J.G.1993Yahweh and the Sun: Biblical and Archaeological Evidence for Sun Worship in Ancient Israel (JSOTSup, 111; Sheffield: JSOT Press ).
259.
Terblanche, M.2000‘No Need for a Prophet Like Jeremiah: The Absence of the Prophet Jeremiah in Kings’, in de Moor and van Rooy (eds.) 2000: 306-314.
260.
2004The Reconstructed Chronology of the Divided Kingdom ( Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns ).
261.
orig. edn Chicago: University of Chicago Press , 1951).
262.
Thompson, T.L. (ed.) 2003Jerusalem in Ancient History and Tradition ( London: T. & T. Clark ).
263.
Toews, W.I.1993Monarchy and Religious Institutions in Israel under Jeroboam I (SBLMS, 47; Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press ).
264.
Trebolle-Barrera, J.C. 1991 ‘The Text-Critical Use of the Septuagint in the Books of Kings’ , in C.E. Cox (ed.), 7th Congress of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies, Leuven 1989 (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press): 285-299 .
265.
1995‘4QKgs’, in E. Ulrichet al. (eds.), Qumran Cave 4.IX: Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Kings (DJD, 14; Oxford: Clarendon ): 171-183.
266.
Uehlinger, C. 1995 ‘Gab es eine joschijanische Kultreform? Plädoyer für ein begründetes Minimum’, in Groß (ed.) 1995: 57-89.
267.
1997‘Jezreel, Samaria and Megiddo: Royal Cities of Omri and Ahab’, in Emerton (ed.) 1997: 351-364.
268.
Van den Berg, E.2001‘Fact and Imagination in the History of Hezekiah in 2 Kings 18-20’, in J.W. Dyket al. (eds.), Unless some one guide me… Festschrift for Karel A. Deurloo ( Maastricht: Shaker ): 129-136.
269.
Van der Kooij, A.2000‘The Story of Hezekiah and Sennacherib (2 Kings 18-19)’, in de Moor and Van Rooy (eds.) 2000: 107-119.
270.
Van Keulen, P.S.F.1996Manasseh Through the Eyes of the Deuteronomists, The Manasseh Account (2 Kings 21:1-18) and the Final Chapters of the Deuteronomistic History (OTS, 38; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
271.
Van Seters, J.1997‘Solomon’s Temple: Fact and Ideology in Biblical and Near Eastern Historiography’ , CBQ59: 45-57 .
272.
Vargon, S.2000‘The Historical Background and Significance of Isa 1, 10-17’, in Galil and Weinfeld (eds.) 2000: 177-194.
273.
Vaughn, A.G.1999Theology, History, and Archaeology in the Chronicler’s Account of Hezekiah (SBLABS, 4; Atlanta: Scholars Press ).
274.
Vaughn, A.G. , and A.E. Killebrew2003Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period (SBLSS, 18; Atlanta, GA: SBL ).
275.
Walsh, J.T.2000‘2 Kings 17: The Deuteronomist and the Samaritans’, in de Moor and van Rooy (eds.) 2000: 315-323.
Watson, D.F. , and A.J. Hauser (eds.) 1994Rhetorical Criticism of the Bible: A Comprehensive Bibliography with Notes on History and Method (Biblical Interpretation Series; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
278.
Weinfeld, M.1992From Joshua to Josiah: Turning Points in the History of Israel from the Conquest of the Land Until the Fall of Judah (Hebrew; Jerusalem: Magnes Press ).
279.
Weippert, H.2000‘“Histories” and “History”: Promise and Fulfillment in the Deuteronomistic Historical Work’, in Knoppers and McConville (eds.) 2000: 47-61.
280.
Weisman, Z.1998Political Satire in the Bible ( Atlanta: Scholars Press ).
281.
Wesselius, J.-M.2002The Origin of the History of Israel: Herodotus's Histories as Blueprint for the First Books of the Bible (JSOTSup, 345; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press/Continuum ).
282.
Westermann, C. 1994 Die Geschichtsbücher des Alten Testament: Gab es ein deuteronomistischesGeschichtswerk? (Theologische Bücherei Altes Testament, 87; Gütersloh: Mohn).
283.
Wiggins, S.A.1993A Reassessment of ‘Asherah’: A Study According to the Textual Sources for the First Two Millennia B.C.E. ( Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker ).
284.
Williams, P.J2001Studies in the Syntax of the Peshitta of 1 Kings (Monographs of the Peshitta Institute, 12; Leiden: E.J. Brill ).
285.
Willis, T.M.1991‘The Text of 1 Kings 11:43-12:3’ , CBQ53: 37-44 .
286.
2000‘Unity and Diversity in the Book of Kings’, in S. Olyan and R.C. Culley (eds.), ‘A Wise and Discerning Mind’: Essays in Honor of Burke O. Long ( Providence, RI: Brown Judaic Studies ): 293-310.
287.
Wiseman, D.J.19931 and 2 Kings: An Introduction and Commentary (TOTC; Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press ).
288.
Woods, F.E.1994Water and Storm Polemics Against Baalism in the Deuteronomistic History ( New York: Peter Lang ).
289.
Yamada, S.1995‘Aram-Israel Relations as Reflected in the Aramaic Inscription from Tel Dan’ , UF27: 611-625 .
290.
Young, I.M.1995‘The “Northernisms” of the Israelite Narratives in Kings’ , ZAH8: 63-70 .
291.
2003‘Assyrian Involvement in the Southern Levant at the End of the Eighth Century BCE’, in Vaughn and Killebrew (eds.) 2003: 235-263.
292.
Zarzeki-Peleg, A.1997‘Hazor, Jokneam, and Meggido in the 10th Century BCE’ , TA24: 258-288 .
293.
2003‘The Province of Samaria (Assyrian “Samerina”) in the Late Iron Age (Iron Age III)’, in Lipschits and Blenkinsopp (eds.) 2003: 377-412.
294.
2002‘Three Debates about Bible and Archaeology’ , Bib83: 1-27 .
295.
Zimhoni, O.1997‘Clues from the Enclosure-fills: Pre-Omride Settlement at Tel Jezreel’ , TA24: 83-109 .
296.
Zorn, J.R.2003‘Tell en-Nasbeh and the Problem of the Material Culture of the Sixth Century’, in Lipschits and Blenkinsopp (eds.) 2003: 413-447.
297.
Zwickel, W. 1999 Der salomonische Tempel von seiner Gründung bis zur Zerstörung durch dieBabylonier (Mainz: von Zabern).
