Thermogravimetric Analysis of a Cellulosic Fabric Incorporated with Ammonium Iron (II)-Sulfate Hexahydrate as a Flame-retardant

Abstract

The effect of ammonium iron (II)-sulfate hexahydrate [(NH4)2Fe (SO4)2.6H2O] as a nondurable finish on the flammability of 100% cotton fabric, (woven construction, weighing 144 g/m2) has been investigated. The laundered bone-dried, weighed fabrics are impregnated with suitable concentrations of the above-mentioned salt solution by means of squeeze rolls and drying at 110°C for 30 min. They are then cooled in a desiccator, re-weighed with an analytical balance, and kept under ordinary conditions before the fulfilment of the vertical flame test. The optimum add-on values to impart flame-retardancy expressed in g anhydrous ammonium iron (II)-sulfate hexahydrate per 100 g fabric are about 23.62—25.82%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG) of pure cotton, treated cotton, and the salt is fulfilled and their thermograms are compared and commented. The results are in compliance with `Gas theory' and `Chemical theory'.

Keywords

flammability ammonium iron (II)-sulfate hexahydrate flame-retardancy thermogravimetry gas theory chemical theory.

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