Abstract
There is an unmistakable power in narrative to comment on and shape cultural lives. This special issue of Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies is comprised of often unheard stories that seek to queer the relational phenomena of family, home, love, and loss. Authors draw on a range of theoretical perspectives and methodologies to disrupt and dismantle the normative conceptualizations that pervade research and everyday understanding concerning these thematic areas. These essays work in creative and experimental ways to evocatively demonstrate Queer Theory and queer as unique, needed, and generative paradigmatic orientations and conceptual tools for use in Cultural Studies research. They help to advance a more open and tentative understanding of relational stories and fluid and dynamic relational identities.
We tell stories because in the last analysis human lives need and merit being narrated. This remark takes on its full force when we refer to the necessity to save the history of the defeated and the lost. The whole history of suffering cries out for vengeance and calls for narrative.
Family, home, love, and loss are recurring themes within the narratives that entangle people’s lives. They appear across myriad cultural contexts, from the innocuous and light-hearted to the life-changing and grave. Whether it is the plotline that drives movies and television programs, turning points that shift prolonged interpersonal conflict, or cornerstone issues that motivate proposed legislation, what it means to live stories of family/home/love/loss matters. 1 In turn, certain stories and storytellers tend to matter more than others. Normatively defined and presumably static or fixed positions on ways of relating and identities—“suitable” families, “fit” homes, “real” ways of loving, and “healthy” experiences of loss—shape and govern what it (supposedly) should look like and mean to perform within these stories. While most cultural realities “need and merit being narrated,” limiting thinking about what and who constitutes family/home/love/loss continues to privilege those people and experiences that are believed to be “normal,” and to dismiss or exclude those that people may not understand. Still, today, counter-normative stories persevere and await telling and fuller inclusion.
The following special issue of Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies is comprised of stories that queer family/home/love/loss. Although each essay addresses diverse topics, methodologies, and approaches, they all relate in at least three ways: (a) All essays are written by scholars whose academic homes are in communication and/or performance studies and who value critical and interpretive approaches to research. Thus, often of particular interest are the ways in which meaning is co-constituted, or jointly comes into being, within relating and performance, and how those interactions and meanings shape how people understand each other, relationships, culture, communities, etc. (b) All essays investigate one or more of the areas of family/home/love/loss. (c) Each essay interrogates family/home/love/loss as queer phenomena and/or works to queer those phenomena.
Queer Theory is a complex and radical theoretical tradition that emerged out of gay activist groups, such as ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), and LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) and feminist studies in the early 1990s. At the very least, the tradition seeks to confront and rupture categorical and normalizing thinking concerning sex, gender, and sexuality (Beasley, 2005). It assumes that heteronormativity and heterosexism act as governing and often injurious forces in cultural lives (Yep, 2003) by perpetuating and legitimizing essentialized identities and performances. Queer Theory resists simple definition and categorization (Jagose, 1996), and is a paradigm that has evolved over the past two decades to include the study of other dimensions of identity, including race, ethnicity, class, and ability status (Ahmed, 2006, Berry, 2013; Jagose, 1996; Johnson, 2001; Warner, 2012), as well as relationships (Elia, 2003) and research methods (Holman Jones & Adams, 2010) as queer or queer-able.
Ahmed writes (2006), “To make things queer is to disturb the order of things” (p. 161), and Halperin (1997) explains, “Queer is by definition whatever is at odds with the normal, the legitimate, the dominant” (p. 62). Thus, to queer is to disrupt taken-for-granted and “common sense” presumptions about cultural lives and beings. Moreover, queering entails (re)considering selves as being more situated, fluid, and complicated than fixed, static, and uniform. In this sense, the disruption of a queer orientation helps to create the conditions that make possible and necessary different, more inclusive understandings of identities and ways of relating.
Contributors to this special issue work to embody and evoke the spirit of disruption and openness that is often associated with queer. They call on key queer voices to assist in their sense-making, such as Sara Ahmed, Lauren Berlant, Judith Butler, Lee Edelman, Elizabeth Freeman, Judith Halberstam, David Halperin, E. Patrick Johnson, Tim Miller, Jose Muñoz, Eve Sedgwick, Gust Yep, and Michael Warner. The pieces display creative and experimental methodologies and approaches, including autoethnography, adapted performance, collage, personal narrative, performative writing, poetry, split text, and staged playwriting. Authors work to provide novel and reflexive pathways on which to trouble issues of family/home/love/loss, and in ways that I suspect will readily draw readers into the stories and issues being conveyed. Brave storytelling takes the lead and prescriptive, formulaic analysis is suspended.
There is an impressive power in narratives to entangle and untangle relational lives. The accounts that comprise this issue ask us to look more closely at, and to think more critically and imaginatively about, stories that are grounded in essentialized and categorical thinking. Amy K. Kilgard plays with “queer failure” by disrupting and disorienting normative performances of CRACKED family narratives. 2 Stacy Holman Jones’s and Tony Adams’s queer fugue troubles grief, loss, and remembering, in particular, how the “dance of relationality” renders cultural performers undone by death and language. Craig Gingrich-Philbrook revisits a past performance to interrogate political and personal events that complexly fostered suicidal ideation against the backdrop of religious homophobia. Jay Brower’s essay thematizes disorientation within queer theoretical space to challenge established, linear, and oppressive cultural systems of mourning as expressed in personal reflections on the loss of colleague and friend John T. Warren. 3 E. Patrick Johnson’s essay explores the notion of homosexuality as pathology and inherited “disease” in parts of the Black church, and pays tribute to and traces the legacy of overlapping sexual and racial struggles of his queer ancestors. Julie Wight queers “home” through an interrogation of the It Gets Better Project, the digital movement that seeks to create a safe place for LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) youth, yet as Wight contends, fails to do so equitably for transgendered youth. Sandra L. Faulkner troubles “mommy myths,” including institutionalized positions on relational attachment, to more closely consider what it means to perform as a “mother” who might like and love her child, but objects to normative motherhood. Mercilee M. Jenkins queers home/family/love/loss as experienced by a group of hippies who in 1973 communed and endured personal and political crises. Julie Cosenza’s account explores the intersections of queerness and disability, seeking to expand possibilities for understanding time, inheritance, (re)production, family interactions, and privilege. Finally, Blake A. Paxton advocates for “re-membering rituals” and more complex and creative ways of engaging bereavement through a conversation he performs with his deceased mother.
This special issue is offered in the spirit of a queer intervention that advocates more conscientious and imaginative stories of family/home/love/loss, the identities that are complexly co-constituted within these spaces, and a greater multiplicity of ways for critically (re)presenting cultural inquiry on these issues. As such, the collection finds an ideal home in Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies, a leader in publishing ground-breaking and exciting scholarship for diverse storytellers. I hope the essays inspire what good critical work can: open discussion, mindful inquiry, in-depth and honest understanding on issues that remain under-examined or altogether neglected, healing, transformation, and meaningful ways to use the insights that are actualized through narrative to make relational lives more inclusive and equitable.
Addendum
During “Pride week” in many cities in the United States, the same time this issue went to press, the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) made two ground-breaking rulings that pertain to the queering of family/home/love/loss. At once, the rulings show promise of better days to come and prompt a consideration of related and important concerns.
SCOTUS struck down the vital part of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), ruling it unconstitutional. Now same-sex couples who are legally married and who reside in states that recognize gay marriage will count as married and will be granted equal rights and responsibilities by the U.S. government. While the decision falls short of mandating states to recognize marriage for same-sex couples, the move by SCOTUS represents a milestone decision for gay rights, one that will, and has already, set into motion state-level challenges concerning marriage equality and spousal benefits.
SCOTUS also weighed in on the dispute in California over Proposition 8 (Prop 8), the law that passed several years ago banning same-sex marriages in the state, a law that the lower court of California subsequently found to be unconstitutional. In this recent challenge SCOTUS ruled that the proponents of Prop 8 lacked legal standing to bring forward an appeal of the lower court’s decision. California’s initial ruling of the unconstitutionality of Prop 8 stands, thus opening a pathway for marriage equality to return to same-sex couples in California.
These historic rulings result from the tireless work of many queer advocates, and advocates who have worked queerly to instigate a more imaginative and loving understanding for stories of family/home/love/loss that do not adhere to normative conceptualizations. In turn, their work enables even newer, “new beginnings” in the long-standing fight against harmful and exclusionary laws. In these ways, the rulings help to revitalize and to refocus the next steps toward greater acceptance, respect, and inclusion for all relational lives.
We are wise to remember, however, that these decisions did not occur in a cultural vacuum. For instance, the day before the rulings SCOTUS effectively struck down the essence of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, allowing nine states (primarily southern states) to amend their election laws without advance approval by the federal government. The decision has fueled ongoing concern and fear among many about equal access to voting for racial minorities, among other people. Just a few weeks later, the Texas State Senate passed a law that bans abortions that are performed after 20 weeks and that will shut down all but a couple of clinics in the state. The ruling effectively re-settles by law normative prescriptions regarding women’s bodies and the right to choose that were previously unsettled by the landmark Roe v. Wade decision. Several weeks later, a jury in Florida acquitted George Zimmerman of all charges in the killing of Trayvon Martin. Martin was a 17-year-old Black boy who, on the night he was killed, was walking home from a nearby convenience store, where he was buying snacks. Zimmerman, an off-duty night watchman, deemed Martin suspicious, pursued him, and then, at the end to the altercation that reportedly occurred between the two, shot and killed the unarmed boy, as he has claimed, in self-defense. Zimmerman’s acquittal was followed by wide-spread concerns and peaceful protests about implicit discrimination in the legal system and dominant U.S. culture, and the legal precedent believed to be set through the verdict for racial profiling.
The recent SCOTUS rulings on marriage help to make important strides forward concerning what it means, and what it could mean, to live queer stories of family/home/love/loss. They create an overdue and much-needed opportunity to feel more joy and hope for relational possibilities that are yet to be realized. It is important to recognize those strides, and to feel the joy and hope. Yet, there is also a whole lot with respect to attaining marriage equality for all people that the rulings did not do, and similarly, injustices continue to transpire against our fellow queer bodies and beings. In the wake of these promises and tragedies, we respectfully add the stories in this collection to the ongoing project of queerly creating more imaginative and just relational spaces for all people. 4
Footnotes
Declaration of Conflicting Interests
The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Funding
The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
