As a result of deinstitutionalization, more persons who are carriers of hepatitis B are attending public school classrooms for persons with handicaps. The behaviors demonstrated by some members of this population increase the risk of hepatitis B to both other students and staff. This article discusses the transmission and prevention of hepatitis B and the implications of the disease for special educators. Several administrative and legal issues of concern to special educators, administrators, students, and parents are presented.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BakalC. W.MarrJ. S.NowickL.MillnerE. S.GoldmanW.PitkinO. E. (1980). Deinstitutionalized mentally retarded hepatitis B antigen carriers in public school classes: A descriptive study. American Journal of Public Health, 70, 709–711.
2.
BakalC. W.NowickL.MarrJ. S.MillnerE. S.GoldmanW.PitkinO. (1980). Mentally retarded hepatitis B surface antigen carriers in NYC public school classes: A public health dilemma. American Journal of Public Health, 70, 712–716.
3.
BondW. W.PetersenN. J.FaveroH. S. (1977). Viral hepatitis B: Aspects of environmental control. Health Laboratory Science, 14, 235–252.
4.
BreuerB.FriedmanS. M.MillnerE. S.KaneM. A.SnyderR. H.MaynardJ. E. (1985). Transmission of hepatitis B virus to classroom contacts of mentally retarded carriers. Journal of the American Medical Association254(22), 3190–3191.
5.
CoatesR. A.RankinJ. C. (1983). Cost without benefit? The introduction of hepatitis B vaccine in Canada. Canadian Medical Association Journal128(10), 1158–1160.
6.
CraigR. M.ClaymanC. B. (1985). Lowered cost potential for hepatitis B vaccine. Journal of the American Medical Association254(22), 3219.
7.
Editor. (1984). Note. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report33(49), 686.
8.
FrancisD. P. (1983). Comment. Journal of the American Medical Association250(14), 1891–1892.
9.
GarrardS. D. (1979). Intestinal parasitism and public health practices in institutions for mentally retarded people. American Journal of Public Health, 69, 1211–1213.
10.
GradyG. F. (1979). Hepatitis in the 1980's. American Journal of Public Health69(12), 1214.
11.
HamiltonJ. D.LarkeR. P. B.QizilbashA. (1976). Transmission of hepatitis B by human bite: An occupational hazard. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 115, 439–440.
12.
Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (1985). Recommendations for protection against viral hepatitis. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report34(22), 313–334.
13.
KinghamJ. G. C.McGuireM.PaineD. H. D.WrightR. (1978). Hepatitis B in a hospital for the mentally subnormal in Southern England. British Medical Journal, 2, 594–596.
14.
KrugmanS. (1985). Hepatitis B carriers in the classroom. Journal of the American Medical Association254(22), 3218–3219.
15.
KrugmanS.GockeD. J. (1978). Viral hepatitis. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
16.
McMillanB. C.HansonR. P.GolubjatnikovR. (1979). Hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody prevalence and persistence in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized persons. Public Health Reports, 94, 262–267.
17.
MendelsonJ. (1983). No benefits without use: Foot dragging on hepatitis B vaccine. Canadian Medical Association Journal128(10), 1163.
18.
Office of Research Reporting and Public Response (1979). NIH Publication Number 79-143: Viral hepatitis. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health.
19.
SacksH. S.RoseD.ChalmersT. C. (1984). Should the risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome deter hepatitis B vaccination?Journal of the American Medical Association252(24), 3375–3377.
20.
SchaeferM. E. (1983). The use of hepatitis B vaccine in U. S. dental schools. Journal of Dental Education47(8), 550–551.
21.
WeilR. B. (1983). The dentist and hepatitis B vaccine. New York State Dental Journal49(4), 234–235.
22.
Wisconsin Department of Health and Social Services (1984). Viral hepatitis: A guide for physicians, infection control practitioners, and public health agencies in Wisconsin.