The Effects of Spatially Displaced Visual Feedback on Remote Manipulator Performance

Abstract

The objective of this preliminary investigation was to quantify the effects of spatially displaced visual feedback on the operation of a camera-viewed remote manipulation task. Operators performed a remote manipulation task while exposed to the following different viewing conditions: direct view of the work site (baseline condition); normal camera view (zero-degree displacement); reversed camera view (180-degree lateral displacement); inverted/reversed camera view; and inverted camera view. The task completion performance times were statistically analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance and it was determined that there was statistical significance (p < 0.05) due to the main effect of the viewing conditions. A Newman-Keuls pairwise comparison test was then administered to the data and it was revealed that the performance times for the inverted camera view condition was significantly (p < 0.05) worse than all of the other viewing condition times.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bodey

C. E.

Cepolina

F. J.

(1973). Shuttle-attached manipulator system requirements. In Heer

(Ed.), Remotely Manned Systems (pp. 77–83). Pasadena, CA: California Institute of Technology

Chu

Crooks

(1980). Man-machine communication in computer-aided teleoperator control systems. In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 24th Annual Meeting (pp. 54–58). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society

Clarke

Hamel

Draper

(1983). Human factors in remote control engineering development activities. In Proceedings, 31st Conference on Remote Systems Technology (pp. 8–16). Gatlinburg, TN: American Nuclear Society

Clarke

Handel

Garin

(1982). A comparison of color and black and white television for remote viewing in nuclear facilities. In Transactions of the American Nuclear Society (p. 239). Washington, DC: American Nuclear Society

Crooks

Freedman

Coan

(1975). Television systems for remote manipulation. In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 19th Annual Meeting (pp. 428–435). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society

Fornoff

Thornton

W. G.

(1973). Experimental evaluation of remote manipulation systems. In Heer

(Ed.), Remotely Manned Systems (pp. 43–61). Pasadena, CA: California Institute of Technology

Horst

Rau

LeCocq

Silverman

(1983). Studies of three-dimensional viewing in teleoperated systems. In Proceedings, 31st Conference on Remote Systems Technology (pp. 30–34). Gatlinburg, TN: American Nuclear Society

Huggins

C. T.

Malone

T. B.

Shields

N. L.

(1973). Evaluation of human operator visual performance capability for teleoperator missions. In Heer

(Ed.), Remotely Manned Systems (pp. 337–350). Pasadena, CA: California Institute of Technology

Onega

G. T.

Clingman

J. H.

(1973). Free-flying teleoperator requirements and conceptual design. In Heer

(Ed.), Remotely Manned Systems (pp. 19–41). Pasadena, CA: California Institute of Technology

10.

Smith

K. U.

Smith

W. M.

(1962). Perception and Motion. W. B. Saunders and Company: Philadelphia

11.

Smith

R. L.

(1986). The effects of televised angular displacement of visual feedback on a remote manipulation task. Unpublished Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University

12.

Smith

R. L.

(1988). Human Visual Requirements for Control and Monitoring of a Space Telerobot. In Karwowski

Parsaei

H. R.

Wilhelm

M. R.

(Eds.), Ergonomics of Hybrid Automated Systems I, Elsevier: Amsterdam, pp. 233–240

13.

Smith

T. J.

Smith

K. U.

(1987). Feedback-Control Mechanisms of Human Behavior. In Salvendy

(Ed.), Handbook of Human Factors. John Wiley & Sons: New York

14.

Smith

T. J.

Smith

R. L.

Stuart

M. A.

Smith

S. T.

Smith

K. U.

(1989). Interactive Performance in Space - The Role of Perturbed Sensory Feedback. 3rd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Boston: Massachusetts, September 18–22