Although hydrophobic resins may be bonded to acid-etched dentin with an ethanol wet-bonding technique, the protocol is sensitive to moisture contamination when bonding is performed in deep dentin. This study tested the hypothesis that the use of oxalate or poly(glutamic) acid-modified, diluted ceramicrete (PADC) for dentinal tubule occlusion prevents fluid contamination and improves the bonding of an experimental hydrophobic adhesive to acid-etched, ethanol-dehydrated dentin. Mid-coronal and deep acid-etched moist dentin pre-treated with oxalate or PADC was dehydrated by ethanol wet-bonding and infiltrated with the experimental three-step etch-and-rinse hydrophobic adhesive under simulated pulpal pressure. Tensile bond strengths to deep dentin without pre-treatment were severely compromised. Conversely, oxalate and PADC pre-treatments reduced dentin permeability, prevented water contamination, and improved bond strengths. Minimal nanoleakage was identified within hybrid layers created in the oxalate- and PADC-pre-treated deep dentin. The use of tubular occluding agents optimized bonding of hydrophobic resins to dentin.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Becker TD, Agee KA, Joyce AP, Rueggeberg FA, Borke JL, Waller JL, et al. (2006). Infiltration/evaporation-induced shrinkage of demineralized dentin by solvated monomer mixtures. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater)79(B):349–358.
2.
Brudevold F, Buonocore M, Wileman W (1956). A report on a resin composition capable of bonding to human dentin surfaces. J Dent Res35:846–851.
3.
Chang LC, Auyeung L, Lin YT (1996). In vivo study of potassium oxalate gel in tooth hypersensitivity. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi19:343–347.
4.
De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Suzuki K, et al. (2003). Four-year water degradation of total-etch adhesives bonded to dentin. J Dent Res82:136–140.
5.
De Munck J, Van Landuyt K, Peumans M, Poitevin A, Lambrechts P, Braem M, et al. (2005). A critical review of the durability of adhesion to tooth tissue: methods and results. J Dent Res84:118–132.
6.
El Zohairy AA, De Gee AJ, Hassan FM, Feilzer AJ (2004). The effect of adhesives with various degrees of hydrophilicity on resin ceramic bond durability. Dent Mater20:778–787.
7.
Garberoglio R, Brännström M (1976). Scanning electron microscopic investigation of human dentinal tubules. Arch Oral Biol21:355–362.
8.
Gillam DG, Mordan NJ, Sinodinou AD, Tang JY, Knowles JC, Gibson IR (2001). The effects of oxalate-containing products on the exposed dentine surface: an SEM investigation. J Oral Rehabil28:1037–1044.
9.
Gillam DG, Newman HN, Davies EH, Bulman JS, Troullos ES, Curro FA (2004). Clinical evaluation of ferric oxalate in relieving dentine hypersensitivity. J Oral Rehabil31:245–250.
10.
Hashimoto M, Tay FR, Ito S, Sano H, Kaga M, Pashley DH (2005). Permeability of adhesive resin films. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater74:699–705.
11.
Hunter GK, Goldberg HA (1994). Modulation of crystal formation by bone phosphoproteins: role of glutamic acid-rich sequences in the nucleation of hydroxyapatite by bone sialoprotein. Biochem J302(Pt 1):175–179.
12.
Kanca J 3rd (1992). Resin bonding to wet substrate. 1. Bonding to dentin. Quintessence Int23:39–41.
13.
King NM, Hiraishi N, Yiu CK, Pashley EL, Loushine RJ, Rueggeberg FA, et al. (2005). Effect of resin hydrophilicity on water-vapour permeability of dental adhesive films. Eur J Oral Sci113:436–442.
14.
Koshiro K, Inoue S, Sano H, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B (2005). In vivo degradation of resin-dentin bonds produced by a self-etch and an etch-and-rinse adhesive. Eur J Oral Sci113:341–348.
15.
Lopes GC, Perdigão J, Lopes Mde F, Vieira LC, Baratieri LN, Monteiro S Jr (2006). Dentin bond strengths of simplified adhesives: effect of dentin depth. Compend Contin Educ Dent27:340–345.
16.
Muzzin KB, Johnson R (1989). Effects of potassium oxalate on dentin hypersensitivity in vivo. J Periodontol60:151–158.
17.
Nishitani Y, Yoshiyama M, Donnelly A, Agee KA, Sword J, Tay FR, et al. (2006). Effects of resin hydrophilicity on dentin bond strength. J Dent Res85:1016–1021.
18.
Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Pereira JC, Villanueva R, Tay FR (2001). The use of oxalate to reduce dentin permeability under adhesive restorations. Am J Dent14:89–94.
19.
Pereira JC, Segala AD, Gillam DG (2005). Effect of desensitizing agents on the hydraulic conductance of human dentin subjected to different surface pre-treatments—an in vitro study. Dent Mater21:129–138.
20.
Sadek FT, Pashley D, Nishitani Y, Carrilho MR, Donnelly A, Ferrari M, et al. (2007). Application of hydrophobic resin adhesives to acid-etched dentine with an alternative wet bonding technique. J Biomed Mater Res A (in press).
21.
Sauro S, Pashley DH, Montanari M, Chersoni S, Carvalho RM, Toledano M, et al. (2007). Effect of simulated pulpal pressure on dentin permeability and adhesion of self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater23:705–713.
22.
Tay FR, Pashley DH (2003). Have dentin adhesives become too hydrophilic? J Can Dent Assoc69:726–731.
23.
Tay FR, Pashley DH, Mak YF, Carvalho RM, Lai SC, Suh BI (2003). Integrating oxalate desensitizers with total-etch two-step adhesive. J Dent Res82:703–707.
24.
Tay FR, Pashley DH, Hiraishi N, Imazato S, Rueggeberg FA, Salz U, et al. (2005). Tubular occlusion prevents water-treeing and through-and-through fluid movement in a single-bottle, one-step self-etch adhesive model. J Dent Res84:891–896.
25.
Wagh A, Strain R, Jeong S, Reed D, Krouse T, Singh D (1999). Stabilization of rocky flats Pu-contamined ash within chemically bonded phosphate ceramics. J Nucl Mat265:295–307.
26.
Wagh AS, Jeong SY, Lohan D, Elizabeth A (2003). Chemically bonded phosphosilicate ceramics. US Patent number 6,518,212 B1.
27.
Yiu CK, King NM, Pashley DH, Suh BI, Carvalho RM, Carrilho MR, et al. (2004). Effect of resin hydrophilicity and water storage on resin strength. Biomaterials25:5789–5796.
