HIV-1 infection has increased among women in recent years. The HIV-1 env gene (structural gene) has the greatest variation in all the HIV gene regions. In this study, 58 samples from infants infected with HIV-1 via perinatal transmission were analyzed. All the 58 samples were submitted to Nested-polymerase chain reaction of the env gene region for posterior viral genotyping using EN 70 and EN 85 (first polymerase chain reaction) and EN 80 and EN 95 (second polymerase chain reaction) primers, with the product of the 682 base pair amplification. After Nested-polymerase chain reaction for genotyping, purification of the product, and direct sequencing in a MegaBace 1000 automatic sequencer, 56 genotypes were found in the 58 HIV-1-positive children of the study, where 47 (83.93%) were HIV-1 subtype B infected and 9 (16.07%) were HIV-1 subtype F1 infected. The results demonstrate the predominance of subtype B followed by subtype F in Southeast Brazil.
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