Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients Living With AIDS in a Tertiary Level Hospital in India

Abstract

Objective: Detecting the prevalence of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) coinfection in HIV-infected individuals attending a tertiary care hospital in Delhi by using 3 laboratory tests namely pp65 antigenemia assay, CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-CMV antibody. Design: HIV seropositive patients with CD4 count ≤100 cells/mm³ were included as cases and HIV-negative healthy individuals as controls. Blood samples were collected from all participants and 3 tests were performed. Methods: pp65 antigenemia assay and IgM ELISA were performed by commercially available kits; PCR was performed by an in-house nested PCR method. Results: In all, 7.1%, 5.7%, and 2.9% were positive for pp65 antigenemia, CMV DNA, and IgM antibody against CMV, respectively. On the basis of pp65 and/or PCR positivity, it can be said that active CMV coinfection was present in 8.57% of the cases. Conclusion: In the post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) era, CMV coinfection in HIV-infected patients has significantly declined.

Keywords

cytomegalovirus pp65 CMV DNA CMV retinitis

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