A New Methodology for Chemical,Biological,Radiological,and Nuclear Casualty Estimation over Time

The Human Response Injury Profile (HRIP) methodology incorporates three different agent-specific approaches to provide an estimate of casualties occurring as a consequence of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear attacks against military targets for planning purposes. The three approaches — chemical, radiological, and nuclear; non-contagious biological; and contagious biological — all develop user-defined, time-based casualty and fatality estimates based on maps, or progressions, of underlying symptoms (and signs for biological agents) and their severity changes over time. This paper provides a general overview of the HRIP, as well as of each of the three component approaches, including inputs, human response, and the casualty estimation processes.