The National Hockey League (NHL) had a lockout that lasted the entire 2004-2005 season. Because this lockout cancelled the season, it provides a unique opportunity to analyze the economic impact on county employment and payroll in the sectors relevant to the sporting world. We test 3- and 4-digit NAICS codes, including Accommodation, Drinking Places, Restaurants, and Spectator Sports. Using the impact found in a county with an NHL team, relative to trends in the surrounding counties, we find no general impact on employment, but we find a decrease in payroll in some sectors.
BaadeR. A. (1996). Professional sports as catalysts for metropolitan economic development. Journal of Urban Affairs, 18, 1–17.
2.
BaadeR. A., & DyeR. F. (1988). An analysis of the economic rationale for public subsidization of sports stadiums. The Annals of Regional Sciences, 22(2), 37–47.
3.
BaadeR. A., & DyeR. F. (1990). The impact of stadiums and professional sports on metropolitan area development. Growth and Change, 21, 1–14.
4.
BaadeR. A., & SandersonA. R. (1997). The employment effect of teams and sports facilities. In R. G. Noll & A. Zimbalist (Eds.), Sports, jobs and taxes: The economic impact of sports teams and stadiums. (pp. 92–118). Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
5.
CoatesD., & HumphreysB. R., (2001). The economic consequences of professional sports strikes and lockouts. Southern Economic Journal, 67, 737–747.
6.
CoatesD., & HumphreysB. R. (2003). The effect of professional sports on earnings and employment in the services and retail sectors in US cities. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 33, 175–198.
7.
De HoyosR. E., & SarafidisV. (2006). Testing for cross-sectional dependence in panel-data models. The Stata Journal, 6, 482–496.
8.
DrukkerD. M. (2003). Testing for serial correlation in linear panel-data models. The Stata Journal, 3, 168–177.
9.
FreesE. W. (1995). Assessing cross-sectional correlation in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 69, 393–414.
10.
FriedmanM. (1937). The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 32, 675–701.
11.
GreeneW. H. (2000). Econometric analysis (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
12.
HoechleD. (2007). Robust standard errors for panel regression with cross-sectional dependence. The Stata Journal, 7, 281–312.
13.
JasinaJ., & RotthoffK. W. (2008). The impact of a professional sports franchise on county employment and wagesInternational Journal of Sport Finance, 3, 210–227.
