Impact of Vaccination against Chicken Newcastle Disease on Food Intake and Food Security in Rural Households in Tanzania

Guèye EF . The role of family poultry in poverty alleviation, food security and the promotion of gender equality in rural Africa. Outlook Agric 2000;29:129–36.

Guèye EF . Gender aspects in family poultry management systems in developing countries. World Poult Sci J 2005;61:39–46.

Permin A Riise JC Kryger KN Assoumane I Schou TW . Experiences in using poultry as a tool for poverty alleviation at village level: how to enable poor women to increase their income. In: Improving farmyard poultry production in Africa: Interventions and their economic assessment. Conference Proceedings. Vienna: Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004:42–48.

Grillenberger M Neumann CG Murphy SP Bwibo NO . Food supplements have a positive impact on weight gain and the addition of animal source foods increases lean body mass of Kenyan school children. J Nutr 2003;133:3957–64.

Siekmann JH Allen LH Bwibo NO Demment MW Murphy SP Neumann CG . Kenyan school children have multiple micronutrient deficiencies, but increased plasma vitamin B-12 is the only detectable micronutrient response to meat or milk supplementation 1 2. J Nutr 2003;133:3972–80.

Whaley SE Sigman M Neumann C Bwibo N Guthrie D Weiss RE Alber S Murphy SP . The impact of dietary intervention on the cognitive development of Kenyan school children. J Nutr 2003;133:3965–71.

Demment MW Young MM Sensenig RL . Providing micronutrients through food-based solutions: a key to human and national development. J Nutr 2003;133:3879–85.

Kidala D Greiner T Gebre-Medhin M . Five-year follow-up of a food-based vitamin A intervention in Tanzania. Public Health Nutr 2007;3:425–31.

Mamiro PS Kolsteren P Roberfroid D Tatala S Opsomer AS Van Camp JH . Feeding practices and factors contributing to wasting, stunting, and iron-deficiency anaemia among 3–23-month old children in Kilosa District, rural Tanzania. J Health Popul Nutr 2005;23:222–30.

Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2004/2005. Dar Es Salaam and Calverton, Md, USA: National Bureau of Statistics and ORC Macro, 2005.

Ash DM Tatala SR Frongillo EA Jr Ndossi GD Latham MC . Randomized efficacy trial of a micronutrient-fortified beverage in primary school children in Tanzania. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77:891–8.

Alders RG Spradbrow P . Controlling Newcastle disease in village chickens: a field manual. ACIAR Monograph No. 82. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 2001.

Foster HA Chitukuro HR Tuppa E Mwanjala T Kusila C . Thermostable Newcastle disease vaccines in Tanzania. Vet Microbiol 1999;68:127–30.

Wambura PN Kapaga AM Hyera JMK . Experimental trials with a thermostable Newcastle disease virus (strain I2) in commercial and village chickens in Tanzania. Prev Vet Med 2000;43:75–83.

Sonaiya EB Swan SEJ . Small-scale poultry production: Technical guide. Animal production and health. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization, 2004.

Illango J Olaho-Mukani W Mukiibi-Muka G Abila PP Etoori A . Immunogenicity of a locally produced Newcastle disease I-2 thermostable vaccine in chickens in Uganda. Trop Anim Health Prod 2005;37:25–31.

Msami HM Wambura PN Minga UM . Evaluation of health and productivity of family poultry in eastern Tanzania and the impact of controlling Newcastle disease. In: Improving farmyard poultry production in Africa: Interventions and their economic assessment. Conference Proceedings. Vienna: Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004:256–65.

Bensink Z Spradbrow P . Newcastle disease virus strain I2—a prospective thermostable vaccine for use in developing countries. Vet Microbiol 1999;68:131–9.

USAID Policy Determination 19. Definition of food security. Washington, DC: US Agency for International Development, 1992. Available at: http://www.usaid.gov/policy/ads/200/pd19.pdf. Accessed 31 May 2010.

Henning J Meers J Sunn K Hla T . Project final report: Control of Newcastle disease and identification of major constraints in village chicken production systems in Myanmar. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 2008.

Nielsen H Roos N Thilsted SH . The impact of semi-scavenging poultry production on the consumption of animal source foods by women and girls in Bangladesh. J Nutr 2003;133:4027–30.

Njue SW Kasiiti JL Gacheru SG . Assessing the economic impact of commercial poultry feeds supplementation and vaccination against Newcastle disease in local chickens in Kenya. In: Improving farmyard poultry production in Africa: Interventions and their economic assessment. Conference Proceedings. Vienna: Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004:116–24.

Woolcock RF Harun M Alders RG . The impact of Newcastle disease control in village chickens on the welfare of rural households in Mozambique. Paper presented at the Forth Co-ordination Meeting of the FAO/IAEA Co-ordination Research Programme on the ‘Assessment of the effectiveness of vaccination strategies against Newcastle Disease and Gumboro Disease using immunoassay-based technologies for increasing backyard poultry production in Africa.’ Vienna, Austria, 24–28 May 2004. Available at: http://www.kyeemafoundation.org/content/userFiles/file/SANDCP/Paper%20on%20impact%20of%20Newcastle%20disease.pdf. Accessed 1 July 2010.

National Sample Census of Agriculture 2002/2003. volume VK: regional report: Iringa Region. Dar Es Salaam: Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics/Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, 2007.

Mkai C Mbogoro D Rajab M Mohammed M . The regional and district census data in brief. Dar Es Salaam: National Bureau of Statistics, 2004.

Knueppel D Demment M Kaiser L . Validation of the household food insecurity access scale in rural Tanzania. Public Health Nutr 2009;26:1–8.

Coates J Swindale A Bilinsky P . Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for measurement of food access: indicator guide (v. 3). Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project, Academy for Educational Development, 2007.

Coates J Frongillo EA Rogers BL Webb P Wilde PE Houser R . Commonalities in the experience of household food insecurity across cultures: what are measures missing? J Nutr 2006;136:1438–48.

Frongillo EA Chowdhury N Ekstrom EC Naved RT . Understanding the experience of household food insecurity in rural Bangladesh leads to a measure different from that used in other countries. J Nutr 2003;133:4158–62.

Webb P Coates J Frongillo EA Rogers BL Swindale A Bilinsky P . Measuring household food insecurity: why it's so important and yet so difficult to do. J Nutr 2006;136:1404–8.