Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in high-temperature environments have prominent nonlinear and hysteresis characteristics, which lead to the complexity of high-temperature vibration characteristics and difficulty of dynamic response simulation. Therefore, this study conducted a simulation analysis and experimental research on the vibration characteristics of 2.5D woven C/SiC composite flat-plate structures at different temperatures in an oxygen-free environment. Tensile, loading, and unloading tests and swept-frequency vibration tests were conducted on the flat-plate structure of CMCs under different temperatures and oxygen-free environments, and an intrinsic model under arbitrary cyclic tensile and compressive loads was established based on the characteristics of the stress–strain curves. The natural frequency of the CMCs first increased and then decreased with increasing temperature. Finally, based on the macroscopic intrinsic model, the dynamic response was calculated using the centre difference method, and the maximum error of natural frequency was within 10%.
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