Abstract
InnovAiT is produced on a 3-year cycle. However, many articles do not significantly go out of date in that time. This section of InnovAiT summarises articles from the previous cycle of InnovAiT that GPs and GPs in training might still find useful today.
Corneal abrasion: Assessment and management
Dr Syed M Shahid and Mr Nigel Harrison
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 551–554
DOI:
Corneal abrasions result from a superficial lesion to the most anterior aspect of the eye, the corneal epithelium. Patients can present to the GP with an array of symptoms including pain, foreign body sensation, decreased visual acuity/blurring, epiphora (excess watering) and photophobia. Most corneal abrasions are self-limiting and appropriate management can be instituted in the GP surgery. However, some require referral for specialist ophthalmology assessment. This article looks at the assessment and management of corneal abrasions and provides evidence-based guidance for ophthalmology referral.
Cataracts
Dr Emma Nash
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 555–562
DOI:
Cataracts are one of the main causes of visual impairment, accounting for 47.9% of blindness worldwide. It is estimated that more than half of people over the age of 65 years have some degree of cataract development in one or both the eyes. Familiarity with the diagnosis, consequent functional limitations and the role of secondary care are essential in order to provide effective management of this common condition.
Diabetic retinopathy: A GP’s role
Dr Phoebe Williamson and Mr Daniel Calladine
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 563–568
DOI:
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of visual impairment in the UK’s working-age population. It is a progressive disease in which chronic hyperglycaemia causes vascular injury, resulting in leakage and occlusion of small vessels in the eye. This article is focused on the ocular manifestations of diabetes and how they should be managed in both the primary and secondary care setting.
The key principles of cognitive behavioural therapy
Miss Kristina Fenn and Dr Majella Byrne
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 579–585
DOI:
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) explores the links between thoughts, emotions and behaviour and aims to alleviate distress by helping patients to develop more adaptive cognitions and behaviours. It has a strong evidence base for effectiveness and is recommended as a treatment for many common mental health disorders. This article explores the key principles of CBT and explains how it can be used in primary care.
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Dr Joy Wright and Dr Ben Robinson
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 586–591
DOI:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common in primary care but many GPs have little knowledge about it. There is good evidence that treatment with trauma-specific psychological therapies can be effective. Prompt diagnosis allows appropriate and timely treatment, therefore this article highlights clinical presentation of PTSD and management strategies in primary care.
What are consultation models for?
Dr Claire Denness
InnovAiT 2013 6(9): 592–599
DOI:
At first glance, consultation models, some of which were derived decades ago, may seem irrelevant to modern general practice. This article discusses some of the more common consultation models in use today and their relative advantages and disadvantages. It will also demonstrate to you why consultation models are relevant and how they can help trainees, GPs and patients.