Abstract
Answer E. Urgent referral to urology
The mid-stream urine result was normal so another antibiotic is not needed. Visible unexplained haematuria in a patient aged 45 years or older when haematuria persists or recurs after treatment of a urinary tract infection is a red flag symptom. Patients should be referred using a suspected cancer pathway and should ideally be seen within 2 weeks to exclude bladder or renal cancer. Other reasons for urgent referral are non-visible unexplained haematuria in a patient aged 60 or over with dysuria or a raised white cell count. Visible haematuria in men should also prompt a prostate-specific antigen test and digital rectal examination for possible prostate cancer. Further investigation including ultrasound and computerised tomography should not delay referral and appropriate investigation can be initiated by the specialist.
InnovAiT article: Haematuria. DOI: