Abstract
Background
House dust mites (HDMs) are the major aeroallergens in patients with rhinitis and/or asthma in China. However, the molecular sensitization of HDM is varied in different regions.
Objective
To investigate the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) molecular sensitization profile of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients in Central China.
Methods
AR patients with positive skin prick tests to Der p were enrolled in our study. Specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for Der p, Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), Acarus siro (Aca s), Blomia tropicalis (Blo t), and Der p components Der p1, Der p2, and Der p10 were measured in all patients.
Results
A total of 130 patients were included. The overall prevalence of positive serum sIgE was 99.2% for Der p, 98.5% for Der f, 81.5% for Aca s, 83.1% for Blo t, 71.5% for Der p1, 64.6% for Der p2, and 11.5% for Der p10. HDM-AR patients with asthma displayed significantly higher concentrations of sIgE to Der p, Der f, Der p1, and Der p2 than did those without asthma (P < .001). The prevalence of asthma in HDM-AR patients was higher among the patients sensitized to both Der p1 and Der p2 (62.8%) than those sensitized to only 1 allergen (Der p1 26.7% or Der p2 16.7%; P < .05) or nonsensitized to Der p1 and Der p2 (19.4%; P < .001).
Conclusion
Der p has high cross-reactivity with other mite species. Der p1 and Der p2 are the major components to induce Der p sensitization among AR patients in Central China. Sensitization to both Der p1 and Der p2 may be a risk factor for developing asthma in HDM-AR patients.
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