Abstract
Objective:
Investigate whether prostate volume is a moderating variable for the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa).
Methods:
Study participants in the control arm whose cancer status was verified per biopsies during the 7-year study period were included for analysis. Simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses including parameters such as age and race were applied.
Results:
PCa was diagnosed in 1132 (24.3%) of Prostate Cancer Prevention Trials (PCPT) participants. Simple logistic regression demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in PCa incidence for patients with prostate volumes larger than 60 cc. Risk of aggressive cancer (Gleason grade ⩾ 7) was also significantly lower in men with prostate volumes greater than 60 cc (aOR = 0.585, p = 0.000) when controlling for age, family history of cancer, and race.
Conclusions:
Stratifying the PCPT data by prostate size with considerable statistical power revealed a highly significant (p = 0.000) difference between the incidence of PCa in large (⩾60 cc) and moderate to small (<60 cc) prostates, not only for general PCa but also for high-grade cancer. These results support the clinical hypothesis that prostate/benign prostate hyperplasia size may have a protective effect on the incidence of PCa.
Level of evidence:
Not applicable.
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