Comparison of horizontal magnetic field and uniform magnetic on the nanofluid flow in rough rotating disk system: A response surface methodology and ANOVA approach
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 2026
Comparison of horizontal magnetic field and uniform magnetic on the nanofluid flow in rough rotating disk system: A response surface methodology and ANOVA approach
The nanofluid flow over a rough rotating disk has noteworthy applications in advanced thermal and liquid systems due to its improved heat transmission capabilities. The combination of surface roughness and disk rotation increases mixing and disrupts thermal boundary layers, making it ideal for high-efficiency cooling in rotating machinery, such as turbines, disk brakes, and electronic devices. In view of this, the present study elucidates the influence of thermal radiation, porous medium, and non-uniform heat sink/source on the nanoliquid motion across a rough rotating disk with slip conditions. The dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained by reducing the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) using the appropriate similarity variables. The resultant ODEs are solved numerically utilizing Runge Kutta Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth order (RKF-45) scheme. Further, the response surface methodology (RSM) in combination with analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to evaluate the heat transport rate for different parameters. The variation of momentum and thermal profiles for various parameters is illustrated graphically. The comparison between uniform and horizontal magnetic fields for various parameters is also analyzed in the study for the momentum and temperature profiles. The temperature profile increases as the space and temperature-dependent heat sink/source parameters are enhanced. The tangential and radial velocity profiles decrease as the permeability and magnetic parameters rise.
MadhuJKarthikKVarun KumarRS, et al. Dynamics of pollutant dispersion and solid–fluid interfacial layer in Jeffrey nanofluid flow subjected to waste discharge concentration: implementation of probabilists’ Hermite polynomial collocation method. Numer Heat Transf A Appl2025; 86(13): 4445–4463.
2.
RameshGKSaadehRMadhukeshJK, et al. Neural network algorithms of a curved Riga sensor in a ternary hybrid nanofluid with chemical reaction and Arrhenius kinetics. J Radiat Res Appl Sci2024; 17(4): 101078.
3.
ElattarSKhanUZaibA, et al. Scrutinization of waste discharge concentrations in Eyring-Powell nanofluid past a deformable horizontal plane surface. Water2023; 15(19): 3419.
4.
BeheraSDashAMishraS.Impact of partial slip on the radiative conducting nanofluid flow through an expanding sheet for the interaction of heat source/sink. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part N: J Nanomater Nanoeng Nanosyst2023; 237(1–2): 31–43.
5.
MadhukeshJKRameshGKShehzadSA, et al. Thermal transport of MHD Casson–Maxwell nanofluid between two porous disks with Cattaneo–Christov theory. Numer Heat Transf A Appl2024; 85(12): 2008–2023.
6.
RameshGK.Three different hybrid nanometrial performances on rotating disk: a non-Darcy model. Appl Nanosci2019; 9(2): 179–187.
7.
TurkyilmazogluM.The MHD boundary layer flow due to a rough rotating disk. J Appl Math Mech2010; 90(1): 72–82.
8.
TurkyilmazogluMSenelP.Heat and mass transfer of the flow due to a rotating rough and porous disk. Int J Therm Sci2013; 63: 146–158.
9.
HayatTMuhammadTShehzadSA, et al. On magnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluid due to a rotating disk with slip effect: a numerical study. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng2017; 315: 467–477.
10.
RehmanKUMalikMYKhanWA, et al. Numerical solution of non-Newtonian fluid flow due to rotatory rigid disk. Symmetry2019; 11(5): 699.
11.
ZhangCEckertSGerbethG.The flow structure of a bubble-driven liquid-metal jet in a horizontal magnetic field. J Fluid Mech2007; 575: 57–82.
12.
PalPKumarK.Role of uniform horizontal magnetic field on convective flow. Eur Phys J B2012; 85(6): 201.
13.
RaufARameshGKFatimaS, et al. Horizontal magnetic field influence on fluid flow across a variable thickness rotating disk with stretching and melting phenomenon. Heat Transf2025; 54(3): 2184–2193.
14.
KakarantzasSCBenosLTSarrisIE, et al. MHD liquid metal flow and heat transfer between vertical coaxial cylinders under horizontal magnetic field. Int J Heat Fluid Flow2017; 65: 342–351.
15.
TurkyilmazogluM.Flow and heat over a rotating disk subject to a uniform horizontal magnetic field. Z Naturforsch A2022; 77(4): 329–337.
16.
SrilathaPKumarRSVKumarRN, et al. Impact of solid-fluid interfacial layer and nanoparticle diameter on Maxwell nanofluid flow subjected to variable thermal conductivity and uniform magnetic field. Heliyon2023; 9(11): e21189.
17.
JagadhaSGopalDPatilN, et al. Effect of higher order chemical reaction and Joule heating on rotational and permeable radiative MHD flow of Casson manganese ferrite fluid with heat generation/absorption. Multiscale Multidiscip Model Exp Des2025; 8(3): 164.
18.
ZhuGPNguyenNT.Rapid magnetofluidic mixing in a uniform magnetic field. Lab Chip2012; 12(22): 4772–4780.
19.
WangSSunZLiX, et al. Simulation of flow behavior of particles in liquid–solid fluidized bed with uniform magnetic field. Powder Technol2013; 237: 314–325.
20.
AliDUllahHFizaM, et al. MHD hybrid nanofluid flow via varying porous space amid two stretchable rotating disks: a numerical approach. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part N: J Nanomater Nanoeng Nanosyst. Epub ahead of print 17March2025. DOI: 10.1177/23977914251322207.
21.
KumarKTRemidiSNagapavaniM, et al. A numerical study on the radiative heat transfer aspects of hybrid nanofluid flow past a deformable rotating cone. Multiscale Multidiscip Model Exp Des2024; 7(6): 5719–5729.
22.
AliFZaibAAlduaisFS, et al. Bio-convection Eyring-Powell nanofluid through a spinning disk with a heated convective stretching sheet. Case Stud Therm Eng2023; 47: 103041.
23.
SrilathaPKarthikKPrasadKV, et al. Dynamics of Fourier’s and Fick’s laws on the convectively heated oscillatory sheet under Arrhenius kinetics: the finite-difference technique. J Comput Sci2024; 82: 102428.
24.
AzarAAEmadMJaliliP, et al. Brownian diffusion and thermal radiation effect on MHD hyperbolic tangent nanofluid flow over a porous wedge. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part N: J Nanomater Nanoeng Nanosyst. Epub ahead of print 29May2025. DOI: 10.1177/23977914251339310.
25.
VinuthaKSajjanKMadhukeshJK, et al. Optimization of RSM and sensitivity analysis in MHD ternary nanofluid flow between parallel plates with quadratic radiation and activation energy. J Therm Anal Calorim2024; 149(4): 1595–1616.
26.
KhanUZaibAIshakA, et al. Stagnation point flow of a water-based graphene-oxide over a stretching/shrinking sheet under an induced magnetic field with homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reaction. J Magn Magn Mater2023; 565: 170287.
27.
KhanUZaibAIshakA, et al. Analysis of assisting and opposing flows of the Eyring-Powell fluid on the wall jet nanoparticles with significant impacts of irregular heat source/sink. Case Stud Therm Eng2023; 49: 103209.
28.
BanakarVRKumarTRamachandranT, et al. Activity of motile microorganisms in radiative heat transfer analysis of chemically reactive flow between stretching upper and rotating lower disks. Heat Transfer2025; 54(7): 4390–4406.
29.
RamandeviBReddyJVRSugunammaV, et al. Combined influence of viscous dissipation and non-uniform heat source/sink on MHD non-Newtonian fluid flow with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. Alex Eng J2018; 57(2): 1009–1018.
30.
KhanUZaibAIshakA, et al. Numerical analysis of irregular heat source/sink through a wall jet flow of spherical graphene oxide nanoparticle in the presence of thermophoretic particle deposition: the case of non-Newtonian Eyring–Powell fluid model. Numer Heat Transf B Fundam2025; 86(1): 69–86.
31.
AlhadriMRazaJYashkunU, et al. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) simulations for thermal flow hybrid nanofluid flow with Darcy-Forchheimer effects. J Indian Chem Soc2022; 99(8): 100607.
32.
KumarVVSharmaRP.Entropy generation minimization in nuclear reactor cooling via rough rotating disk: a statistical approach. Multiscale Multidiscip Model Exp Des2025; 8(5): 245.
33.
Khashi’ieNSWainiIMukhtarMF, et al. Response surface methodology (RSM) on the hybrid nanofluid flow subject to a vertical and permeable wedge. Nanomaterials2022; 12(22): 4016.
34.
PandaSOntelaSMishraSR, et al. Response surface methodology and sensitive analysis for optimizing heat transfer rate on the 3D hybrid nanofluid flow through permeable stretching surface. J Therm Anal Calorim2023; 148(14): 7369–7382.
35.
MehmoodTRamzanMHowariF, et al. Application of response surface methodology on the nanofluid flow over a rotating disk with autocatalytic chemical reaction and entropy generation optimization. Sci Rep2021; 11(1): 4021.
36.
ShehzadSARaufAPerveenB, et al. Numerical and regression analysis of horizontal magnetic field in slippery nanofluid flow with Arrhenius activation energy. J Mol Liq2023; 392: 123522.
37.
HayatTRashidMImtiazM, et al. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Cu-water nanofluid due to a rotating disk with partial slip. AIP Adv2015; 5(6): 067169.
38.
SreehariPGopalDKishanN, et al. A numerical study on the radiative flow of magneto-Casson fluid via a vertical microchannel with entropy generation. J Korean Phys Soc2025; 86(5): 372–382.
39.
Varun KumarRSChandanKVenkadeshwaranK, et al. Influence of magnetic dipole on the hybrid nanofluid flow with chemical reactions due to the generated and absorbed heat. Pramana2025; 99(2): 65.
40.
KattimaniPPrasadKVAnwarT, et al. Application of Levenberg-Marquardt artificial neural network to study nanoparticle aggregation phenomena in stagnation point flow towards an off-centered rotating disk. Int J Thermofluids2025; 27: 101276.
41.
KelsonNDesseauxA.Note on porous rotating disk flow. Proc ANZIAM2000; 42: C837–C855.
42.
AbbasiFMHayatTAhmadB.Impact of magnetic field on mixed convective peristaltic flow of water based nanofluids with Joule heating. Z Naturforsch A2015; 70(2): 125–132.
