Employee Training for Metaverse Events: A Corporate Case on Train-the-Trainer and Train-the-Client Procedures

Through collaborating with a case technology company, this study focuses on employee training for metaverse events. It aims to conceptualize the train-the-trainer (TTT) and train-the-client (TTC) procedures. Drawing on organizational learning theory and digital transformation literature, it adopts a participatory action research approach, with the first author embedded as a practitioner. The findings identify three stages—pre-training, during training, and post-training—and show that metaverse-based training operates as an iterative, rather than linear, knowledge-transfer process shaped by technological disruption and communication constraints. Knowledge is enacted through real-time interaction, supported by trainers’ adaptive capabilities. This study extends organizational learning theory by explaining how immersive and avatar-mediated environments reshape knowledge transfer and informal learning and provides implications for metaverse training design and management.