Carbon dioxide corrosion involves several factors that complicate corrosion mechanisms due to the possible interactions (synergies, etc.) among the species present. Selective study of each individual effect, by either empirical or mechanistic modelling, is unlikely to uncover these interaction effects satisfactorily. This paper demonstrates the use of response surface methodology as a method to optimise experiments so as to capture better synergies between species and conditions. Here, the multiple effects of acetic acid, temperature, flowrate and pH are studied in the model, which was validated by experiment, prediction software and published corrosion data. In conclusion, the proposed model has shown a good agreement with the validation data, which indicates the suitability of the approach used to model carbon dioxide corrosion at pH 4-5·5.
HedgesBMcVeighL: ‘The role of acetate in CO2 corrosion: the double whammy’Proc. Corrosion 1999 Conf.San Antonio, TX, USA April 1999NACE International, Paper 99.
2.
PletcherDSidorinDHedgesB: ‘Acetate-enhanced corrosion of carbon steel – further factors in oilfield environments’, Corrosion200763(3)285–293.
3.
LeeKL: ‘A mechanistic modeling of CO2 corrosion of mild steel in the presence of H2S’PhD thesisOhio UniversityAthens, OH, USA2004.
4.
GeorgeKNesicSde WaardK: ‘Electrochemical investigation and modeling of carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of acetic acid’Proc. Corrosion 2004 Conf.New Orleans, LA, USA March–April 2004NACE International, Paper 4379.
5.
NordsveenMNesicSNyborgRStangelandA: ‘A mechanistic model for carbon dioxide corrosion of mild steel in the presence of protective iron carbonate films. Part 1 –theory and verification’, Corrosion2003559.
6.
GaoKYuFPangXLZhangGAQiaoLJChuWYLuMX: ‘Mechanical properties of CO2 corrosion product scales and their relationship to corrosion rates’, Corros. Sci.2008502796.
7.
NesicSVrhovacM: ‘A neural network model for CO2 corrosion of carbon steel’, JSCE199916.
8.
GulbrandsenE: ‘Acetic acid and carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon steel covered with iron carbonate’Proc. Corrosion 2007 Conf.Nashville, TN, USA March 2007NACE International, Paper 7322.
9.
NesicS: ‘Key issues related to modelling of internal corrosion of oil and gas pipelines – a review.Corros. Sci.2007494308–4338.
10.
TretheweyKRChemberlainJ: ‘Corrosion for science and engineering’2nd edn; 1995EssexLongman Ltd.
11.
WeiS: ‘Kinetics of iron sulfide and mixed iron sulfide/carbonate scale precipitation in CO2/H2S’PhD thesisOhio UniversityAthens, OH, USA2006.
12.
JacksonTSMartinPEPoseyR: ‘Surface response design to study the effect of low oxygen levels on carbon dioxide corrosion environments’Proc. Corrosion 2009 Conf.Atlanta, GA, USA March 2009NACE International, Paper 9574.
13.
LongSA: ‘Application of response surface methods to characterize missile performance’Master's dissertationUniversity of AlabamaTuscaloosa, AL, USA2007.
14.
BoxGEPDraperNR: ‘Empirical model building and response surfaces’; 1987New YorkJohn Wiley and Sons.
15.
PeckD: ‘Statistics: the exploration and analysis data’5th edn; 2005Belmont, CAThomson Learning.
‘Standard reference test method for making potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarization measurements’G5-94ASTMWest Conshohocken, PA, USA.
18.
GeorgeKSNesicS: ‘Investigation of carbon dioxide corrosion of mild steel in the presence of acetic acid. Part 1 – basic mechanisms’Proc. Corrosion 2007 Conf.Nashville, TN, USA March 2007NACE International, Paper 181.
19.
NafdayO: ‘Film formation and CO2 corrosion in the presence of acetic acid’Master's dissertationOhio UniversityAthens, OH, USA2004.
20.
IsmailMC: ‘Prediction CO2 corrosion with the presence of acetic acid’PhD thesisUMISTManchester, UK2005.
21.
DoughertyJA: ‘Review of the effect of organic acids on CO2 corrosion’Proc. Corrosion 2004 Conf.New Orleans, LA, USA March–April 2004NACE International, Paper 04376.
22.
SongFKirkDGraydonJCormackD: ‘Prediction for CO2 corrosion of active steel under a precipitate’Proc. Corrosion 2004 Conf.New Orleans, LA, USA March–April 2004NACE International, Paper 4382.
23.
HeuerJK: ‘An XPS characterization of FeCO2 films from CO2 corrosion’, Corros. Sci.199830120–132.
24.
LiuDXRenCQBaiZQLiTH: ‘Corrosion behaviour of oil tube steel in simulant solution with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide’, Mater. Chem. Phys.200593305–309.
25.
SilvermanDC: ‘Conditions for similarity of mass-transfer coefficients and fluid shear stresses between the rotating cylinder electrode and pipe’, Corrosion200561(6)515.
26.
MartinCF: ‘Prediction CO2 corrosion with the presence of low concentration acetic acid in turbulent flow conditions’Master's dissertationUTPPerak, Malaysia2009.
27.
GeorgeKNesicS: ‘Electrochemical investigation and modeling of carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of acetic acid’Master's dissertationOhio UniversityAthens, OH, USA2003.
28.
‘ECE corrosion program software’IntetechChester, UK2009
