Viscosity and viscosity estimation model of fully liquid slags in TiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –CaO–SiO 2 and TiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –CaO–SiO 2 –MgO systems with high TiO 2 concentration and low mass ratio of CaO to SiO 2

The present paper focuses on the viscosity of high titanium containing slags in the process of titanomagnetite smelting by taking the TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂ quaternary system with TiO₂ in the range from 23 to 43%, Al₂O₃ in the range from 3 to 12% and basicity (mass ratio of CaO/SiO₂) in the range from 0·3 to 0·7 as the object. Experimental determinations of the viscosity were carried out in the temperature range from 1573 to 1873 K using the rotation cylinder method. The effects of TiO₂, Al₂O₃, basicity and temperature on viscosity were studied. The experimental results indicated that the viscosity decreased with increasing TiO₂ concentration and basicity, and increased with increasing Al₂O₃ concentration. Based on the experimental data of the TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂ quaternary system, a new viscosity model was proposed by modifying the Urbain model. The new model was applied successfully to predict the viscosity of TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂ and TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂–MgO systems in the fully liquid condition with high TiO₂ concentration and low basicity over a wide range of composition and temperature using one set of model parameters.