Abstract
The present paper reports on an in situ experiment to investigate the effects of fluid flow on dendrite fragmentation. A Bénard cell was constructed for the solidification of a transparent alloy under Rayleigh–Bénard convection. Dendrite fragmentation was observed, and the flow field was mapped. It was found that a Bénard cell provides a useful apparatus for studying dendrite fragmentation under controlled conditions in transparent alloys. Preliminary results showed that structural fragmentation occurs under relatively quiescent flow conditions, suggesting that deformation processes play little role in this system.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Asta
M
,
Beckermann
C
,
Karma
A
,
Kurz
W
,
Napolitano
R
,
Plapp
M
,
Purdy
G
,
Rappaz
M
,
Trivedi
R
Acta Mater.
, 2009 , 57 , 941 .
2.
Rettenmayr
M
:
Int. Mater. Rev.
, 2009 , 54 , 1 .
3.
Martorano
MA
,
Beckermann
C
,
Gandin
C.-A
Metal. Mater. Trans. A
, 2003 , 34A , 1657 .
4.
Kou
S
: ‘Welding metallurgy’ ; 2003 , New York , Wiley
5.
Flemings
MC
: Metall. Mater. Trans .
A
, 1991 , 22A , 957 .
6.
Grant
PS
:
Metall. Mater. Trans. A
, 2007 , 38A , 1520 .
7.
Beckermann
C
,
Gu
JP
,
Boettinger
WJ
Metall. Mater. Trans. A
, 2000 , 31A , 2545 .
8.
Dantzig
JA
,
Rappaz
M
‘Solidification’ ; 2009 , London , EPFL Press , Lausanne.
9.
Reed
RC
: ‘The superalloys: fundamentals and applications’ ; 2006 , Cambridge , Cambridge University Press .
10.
Vogel
A
:
Met. Sci.
, 1978 , 12 , 576 .
11.
Vogel
A
,
Doherty
RD
,
Cantor
B
‘Solidification and casting of metals’ ; 1979 , London , The Metals Society .
12.
Doherty
RD
,
Lee
H.-I
,
Feest
EA
Mater. Sci. Eng.
, 1984 , 65 , 181 .
13.
Doherty
RD
:
Scr. Mater.
, 2003 , 49 , 1219 .
14.
Pilling
J
,
Hellawell
A
Metall. Mater. Trans. A
1996 , 27A , 229 –232 .
15.
Mullis
AM
,
Walker
DJ
,
Battersby
SE
,
Cochrane
RF
Mater. Sci. Eng. A
, 2001 , A304–A306 , 245 .
16.
Ananiev
S
,
Nikrityuk
P
,
Eckert
K
Acta Mater.
, 2009 , 57 , 657 .
17.
Kumar
A
,
Dutta
P
J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
, 2008 , 41D , 155501 .
18.
Nguyen-Thi
H
,
Reinhart
G
,
Mangelinck-Noël
N
,
Jung
H
,
Billia
B
,
Schenk
T
,
Gastaldi
J
,
Härtwig
J
,
Baruchel
J
Metall. Mater. Trans. A
, 2007 , 38A , 1458 .
19.
Reinhart
G
,
Mangelinck-Noël
N
,
Nguyen-Thi
H
,
Schenk
T
,
Gastaldi
J
,
Billia
B
,
Pino
P
,
Härtwig
J
,
Baruchel
J
Mater. Sci. Eng. A
, 2005 , A413–A414 , 384 .
20.
Trivedi
R
,
Somboonsuk
K
Acta Metall.
, 1985 , 31 , 1061 .
21.
Hunt
JD
,
Jackson
KA
Trans. Met. Soc. AIME
, 1966 , 236 , 843 .
22.
Li
T
,
Lin
X
,
Huang
W
Acta Mater.
, 2006 , 54 , 4815 .
23.
Mullis
AM
,
Battersby
SE
,
Fletcher
HL
Scr. Mater.
, 1998 , 39 , 147 .
24.
Sato
T
,
Kurz
W
,
Ikawa
K
Trans. Jpn Inst. Met.
, 1987 , 28 , 1012 .
25.
Witusiewicz
VT
,
Sturz
L
,
Hecht
U
,
Rex
S
Acta Mater.
, 2004 , 52 , 4561 .
26.
Chandrasekhar
S
: ‘Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability’ ; 1961 , Oxford , Oxford University Press .
27.
LaCombe
JC
,
Oudemool
JL
,
Koss
MB
,
Bushnell
LT
,
Glicksman
ME
J. Cryst. Growth
, 1997 , 173 , 167 .
28.
Ocak
Y
,
Akbulut
S
,
Böyük
U
,
Erol
M
,
Keslioglu
K
,
Marasli
N
Scr. Mater.
, 2006 , 55 , 235 .
29.
Tin
P
,
Groh
HC
Int. J. Thermophys.
, 2004 , 25 , 1143 .
30.
Landau
LD
,
Lifshitz
EM
‘Fluid mechanics’ , 2nd edn ; 1961 , Oxford , Butterworth-Heinemann .
31.
Ahlers
G
,
Grossman
S
,
Lohse
D
Rev. Mod. Phys.
, 2009 , 81 , 503 .
32.
Rott
N
:
Ann. Rev. Fluid. Mech.
, 1990 , 22 , 1 .