Anti-cardiolipin and anti-beta 2 glycoprotein Iantibodies in Indian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: association with the presence of seizures

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine whether the clinical features of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome are associated with anti-cardiolipin and anti-beta₂ glycoprotein I antibodies in Indian patients with SLE. Seventy-six patients (71 females), who fulfilled 1982 ACR criteria for SLE, were prospectively studied for the clinical features of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), and their sera were analysed for the presence of IgG/IgM/IgA anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) by an in-house ELISA and, in 65 of them, for the presence of IgG anti-beta₂ glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-beta₂ GPI)by a commercial kit. Thirty-nine (51%) patients were positive for aCL, all of which were positive for IgG aCL, either alone (79.6%) or along with IgM and/or IgA. Twenty-seve(69.3%) out of 39 aCL-positive and seven (26.9%) out of 26 aCL-negative sera were positive for IgG antibodies to beta₂ GPI. There was a significant corr elation (r = 0.66, P > 0.05) between the levels of aCL and anti-beta₂ GPI antibodies. Forty-one patients had features of definite or suggestive APS. Thrombocytopenia, recurrent pregnancy loss and CNS manifestations (seizures eight, infarct one) were seen in 20, 13 and nine patients, respectively. Thrombosis of the peripheral vessels was seen in only one patient. Only the presence of seizures was significantly associated with the presence of aCL and anti-beta₂ GPI antibodies (P > 0.05). The characteristic association of definite APS (recurrent pregnancy loss and arterial/venous thrombosis) was lacking.

Keywords

thrombosis auto-antibodies seizures

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