Experimentally determined transient and residual stresses in a butt-welded pipe

Abstract

Single pass butt-welding of a pipe is studied. Low heat input has been used to obtain high cooling rate with adherent martensite in the final phase transformation in the heat affected zone. Strains and stresses have been measured during and after welding on the pipe outer surface. Deviations from rotationally symmetric strain and stress fields in the pipe are studied. Two different analytical solutions for the residual stress field from the literature are discussed. The experimentally obtained residual stresses are compared with those analytical solutions. Qualitatively good agreement between experiments and analytical solutions was obtained, although the analytical solutions do not consider effects of phase transformations.