Design and performance of miniaturized solid-state thin-film batteries applicable to electrical fuses at low temperature

Abstract

This article describes miniaturized solid-state thin-film batteries (TFB) for electrical fuses as an in-flight power source for ammunition. The battery is composed of a cell module, a thermal switch, and a heat source. The resistance of TFB is increased seriously at low temperature since the ion conductivity of solid electrolyte is dramatically diminished with the decrease of temperature. To overcome the rapid decrease of performance at low temperature, a structure of TFB, which has heat source and thermal switch, is designed by using the simulation model. The fabricated TFB with a diameter of 5.6 mm and a height of 6.0 mm is designed to be activated over 20 000 g's. After the heat source is activated by the setback forces in firing environments, the thermal switch is operated by the heat and then the 11-cell module warmed by heat source starts to discharge. To represent the gunfire environment, the TFB connected with the capacitor of 150μ F is activated by the shock tester. The test results show that the TFB can charge the capacitor from 0 to 2 V within 0.4 s and supply enough energy to operate the electrical fuse within 0.6 s at the range of −30—20°C.