When the use of austenitic materials called for a revision of the start-up devices for once-through Benson boilers, a system using water return flow to one stage of the feed pumps was recalled. The development of glandless recirculation pumps, which made it possible to adopt this system for the highest pressures, is discussed. The paper describes how the system can be adapted to meet more exacting requirements by suction line dimensioning and by cooling the return flow water.
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