Duloxetine and Venlafaxine-XR in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Abstract

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French

BACKGROUND

Duloxetine has joined venlafaxine on the antidepressant market as a second serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. No previous studies have directly compared these drugs.

OBJECTIVE

To compare indirectly the efficacy and safety of extended-release (XR) venlafaxine and duloxetine, the 2 currently available serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in treating major depressive disorder.

METHODS

Outcomes from published, randomized, placebo-controlled trials reporting on moderately to severely depressed patients (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D] ≥15 or Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] ≥18). A systematic literature search of Cochrane, EMBASE, and MEDLINE (1996–January 2005) was performed. Two independent reviewers judged the trials for acceptance, and last observation carried forward data were extracted. Differences in remission (8-week HAM-D score ≤7 or MADRS ≤10), response (50% decrease on either scale), and dropout rates from lack of efficacy and adverse events were meta-analyzed using a random effects model. Each rate was contrasted with placebo. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of the results.

RESULTS

Data were obtained from 8 trials evaluating 1754 patients for efficacy and 1791 patients for discontinuation/safety. Venlafaxine-XR rates were 17.8% (95% CI 9.0 to 26.5) and 24.4% (95% CI 15.0 to 37.7) greater than those with placebo for remission and response compared with 14.2% (95% CI 8.9 to 26.5) and 18.6% (95% CI 13.0 to 24.2) for duloxetine. Although numerically higher for venlafaxine-XR, no statistically significant differences were found between the drugs; however, both demonstrated overall remission and response rates significantly higher than the rates achieved with placebo (p < 0.001). Reported adverse events were comparable between drugs.

CONCLUSIONS

Venlafaxine-XR tends to have a favorable trend in remission and response rates compared with duloxetine. However, dropout rates and adverse events did not differ. A direct comparison is warranted to confirm this tendency.

Keywords

depression major depressive disorder duloxetine venlafaxine-XR

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