Dentocraniofacial Morphology of 12 Japanese Subjects with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate with a Severe Class III Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study at the Pretreatment Stage of Surgical Orthodontic Treatment

Abstract

Objective:

The present study clarifies the dentocraniofacial morphology of patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) with severe Class III malocclusion prior to surgical orthodontic treatment.

Methods:

The sample was 12 Japanese male subjects with repaired complete unilateral CLP (surgical CLP group; 21.2 ± 1.92 years in mean age). Two sets of patients without CLP Class III malocclusion, consisting of 19 male subjects treated by surgical orthodontic treatment (surgical Class III group; 23.4 ± 6.35 years in mean age) and 14 male subjects treated by nonsurgical orthodontic treatment (nonsurgical Class III group; 18.7 ± 3.49 years in mean age) were used as controls. Analyses were performed using lateral and posteroanterior (P-A) cephalograms.

Results:

(1) The surgical CLP group showed significantly smaller values for overjet, SNA angle, and inclination of the maxillary incisor as compared with those of the surgical and nonsurgical Class III controls. The values of SNB, mandibular effective length, and ramus height in the surgical CLP group were significantly smaller than those of the surgical Class III group but were similar to those of the nonsurgical Class III group. (2) The mandible and the upper and lower dental arches deviated laterally toward the cleft side. The displacement of the mandible was correlated with that of the maxilla. These results show that CLP patients who required surgical orthodontic treatment had a characteristic dentocraniofacial morphology, compared to controls without CLP with Class III malocclusion.

Keywords

cephalometric analysis cleft lip and palate mandibular protrusion surgical orthognathic treatment

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