Five hundred and ninety-six fifth through seventh graders in Western Pennsylvania were assessed regarding their cigarette and alcohol behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge. Approximately one third of the students were experimental users of these substances. Pro-smoking and pro-drinking attitudes were directly related to use. Knowledge about smoking and drinking were inversely related to use. No difference in cigarette and alcohol use were found between sexes or among the three grade levels. Cigarette smoking was found to be a peer oriented behavior for this age group whereas drinking was a more family oriented behavior.
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