Contests Have Side Effects Too

Perry C. R. , “Zero Defects is a Motivational Tool,” Systems and Procedures Journal (March-April 1967), 18.

See Haring Albert Morris Malcolm L. , Research Report: Contests, Prizes, Awards For Sales Motivation (New York: Sales and Marketing Executives—International, 1968).

Beckwith George , “Does Zero Defects Really Work?,” Dun's Review and Modern Industry, 88 (2) (August 1966), 26.

Ridgway V. F. , “Dysfunctional Consequences of Performance Measurements,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 1, (2) (September 1956), 247.

Homans George C. , “Bringing Men Back In,” American Sociological Review, 20 (December 1964), 816). For a fuller discussion of these ideas see Berelson B. Steiner G. , Human Behavior (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1964), 133–237; also Homans G. C. , Social Behavior (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961), 30–82.

Porter Lyman W. Lawler Edward E. , III,I “What Job Attitudes Tell About Motivation,” Harvard Business Review, 46 (1) (January-February 1968), 124.

Lindblom C. E. , “The Science of Muddling Through,” Public Administration Review, 19 (2) (1959), 86.