Learning from Experience in Business Decision Games

General. The following article is a broad discussion of the purposes and potentialities of executive games:

Andlinger G. R. , “Looking Around: What Can Business Games Do?” Harvard Business Review, XXXVI, 4 (July–Aug., 1953), 147–160.

The AMA Game. The first of the following references is a fairly technical description of the game and its purposes, the second is aimed directly toward the businessman, and the third extensively discusses the relation of the game to modern, quantitative techniques in decision-making:

Bellman Richard , “On the Construction of a Multi-Stage, Multi-Person Business Game,” Operations Research, V, 4 (Aug., 1957), 469–503. McDonald John Ricciardi F. M. , “The Business Decision Game,” Fortune, March, 1958, pp. 140–142, 208, 213–214.

Ricciardi F. M. , Top Management Decision Simulation: The AMA Approach. (New York: American Management Association, 1957).

The IBM Game. The following papers, both published by the International Business Machines Corporation, 590 Madison Avenue, New York City, provide full information for operating and playing the game, which requires an IBM 650 computer and 407 tabulator.

“IBM. Management Decision-Making Laboratory, Model 1: Administrators Reference Manual,” 44 pp., 1958.

“IBM Management Decision-Making Laboratory, Model 1: Instructions for Participants,” 12 pp., 1958.

The McKinsey Game. The following article can also be obtained in reprints which present the McKinsey Game in “do-it-yourself-kit” form:

Andlinger G. R. , “Business Games—Play One,” Harvard Business Review, XXXVI, 2 (March-April, 1958), 115–125.

The UCLA Game. The first version of the instructions for players, and full technical details are included in the following three papers, all published in mimeograph form by the Management Sciences Research Project, University of California, Los Angeles:

Jackson J. R. , “UCLA Executive Game No. 2: A Preliminary Report,” 1958, 11 pp. Jackson J. R. Wright K. R. , “UCLA Executive Game No. 2: Mathematical Model and Computer Code,” 1958, 13 pp.

Wright K. R. Jackson J. R. McKenney J. L. , “UCLA Executive Game No. 2: Computing Instructions,” 1958, 8 pp.

The University of Washington Game. The following paper is a general description of the game and its uses:

Schrieber A. N. , “Gaming—A New Way to Teach Business Decision Making,” University of Washington Business Review, April, 1958, pp. 18–29.